흑인 남성성의 재현 토니 모리슨의 푸르디 푸른 눈과 빌러브드를 중심으로
Representation of Black Masculinity in Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye and Beloved
0
조회
0
다운로드
4
인용
0
참고문헌
초록
Abstract
Myungho LeeBlack men have been denied in slavery and racially segregated social system the position of 'Mister' that serves as the dominant model of masculinity in American society defined as what C. B. Macpherson calls "possessive individualism." Property and phallic symbolic authority are the two pedestals upon which the cultural norm of Mister is constructed, but they are not given to black men. Economically black men are deprived of property and thus lose their own "proper" identity in the public world, and socio-psychologically they are robbed of phallic authority and fall into social death. Because of their very difficulty in accessing hegemonic form of masculinity, however, they can have the possibilities of constructing alternative masculinity touching femininity within themselves. This essay attempts to read Toni Morrison's two novels The Bluest Eye and Beloved focusing on the representation of black masculinity. In the former Morrison depicts a black man named Cholly Breedlove who is exposed to white supremacist gaze while having a sex with a black girl. He converts his shame into hateful violence of the girl who has watched his impotence. Cholly never overcomes this mental impotence divested of any patriarchal authority. In the latter Morrison depicts another type of black man who succeeds in transforming his effeminate state under slavery into a possibility of forming new masculinity opening into the other and communicating with femininity within himself.
참고문헌 (17)
- 이명호, "사자의 요구: 토니 모리슨의 빌러브드 읽기", (4), pp.139~174 (2003)
- 이명호, "재즈적 율동과 모성적 사랑", pp.155~177 (2005)
- Awkward, "A Black Man′s Place(s) in Black Feminist Criticism" (1996), New York & London: Routledge
- Collins, "Black Sexual Politics: African Americans, Gender, and the New Racism" (2005), New York & London: Routledge
- Locke, John, "An Essay Concerning the True Original, Extent, and End of Civil Government", pp.265~428 (1988), Cambridge: Cambridge UP
- Genovese, Eugene, "Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World the Slave Made" (1972), New York: Random House
- Macpherson, C. B, "The Political Theory of Possessive Individualism: Hobbes to Locke" (1962), New York: Oxford UP
- Morrison, Toni, "Beloved" (1987), New York: Penguin, Plume
- Morrison, Toni, "The Bluest Eye" (1970), New York: Washington Square Press
- Morrison, Toni, "Song of Solomon" (1982), New York: Penguin, Plume
- Patterson, Orlando, "Slavery and Social Death: A Comparative Study" (1982), Cambridge: Harvard UP
- Patterson, "Rituals of Blood: Consequences of Slavery in Two American Centuries" (1998)
- Spillers, Hortense, "Mama′s Baby, Papa′s Maybe: An American Grammar Book", 17, pp.65~81 (1987)
- Stockton, Kathryn Bond, "Heaven′s Bottom: Anal Economics and the Critical Debasement of Freud in Toni Morrison′s Sula", 24, pp.81~118 (1993)
- Sundarkasa, Niara, "Interpreting the African Heritage in Afro-American Family Organization", pp.37~53 (1981), Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage
- Thomson, Robert Farris, "Flash of the Spirit: African and Afro-American Art and Philosophy" (1983), New York: Vintage
- Weinstein, "What Else But Love?: The Ordeal of Race in Faulkner and Morrison" (1996), New York: Columbia UP