실코의 『의식』에 나타난 들뢰즈의 탈주선

Abstract

Jiyoung KimThis paper explores the encounter between Deleuze's theory of literature and Silko's well-praised novel Ceremony, suggesting that the novel incarnates the minor literature advocated by Deleuze. In Kafka: Toward a Minor Literature, Guattari and he define a minor literature by attributing three characteristics to it: the deterritorialization of language, the connection of the individual to a political immediacy, and the collective assemblage of enunciation. For example, Kafka, a Jew of Prague, deterritorializes German by minor uses of the language. His writing also forces each individual intrigue to connect immediately politics. Finally in his works there is not a subject; there are only collective assemblage of enunciation. Likewise, in Ceremony, there is the deterritorialization of English because the Indian author wrote the story of her own tribe whose language had not originally had a written language. And the main story is not so much a personal journey of the hero, Tayo, as a collective story spun by Spiderwoman, the source of Indian stories. The view of Ceremony as a kind of minor literature also has the advantage of escaping from endless debates between the essentialist and non-essentialist camps upon the characteristics of Native American Literature: nationalist or postcolonialist. Ceremony as a minor literature draws a line of flight beyond the dichotomy of Whitemen/Indians or the Oppressor/the Oppressed, toward a rhizomatic world of connection and heterogeneity where Tayo becomes Japs and the Laguna and Uncle Josiah and bear people.