남아공 디아스포라 작가의 모국에 대한 회상과 트라우마: 베시 헤드의 『비구름이 모일 때』를 중심으로
The Reminiscence for Homeland and Trauma of a South African Diaspora Writer: Centering on Bessie Head's When Rain Clouds Gather
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This paper aims to analyze the problem of the conflict and the violence rooted in racism and tribalism in African history, centering on Bessie Head's novel, When Rain Clouds Gather. Head explored the aftermaths of racial discrimination and developed the theme of exile and trauma in her writings. These themes are related to her mixed race. She was not welcomed both in her birthplace of South Africa and in her adopted land of Botswana because of her ‘coloured’ race. Although Head’s life might be seen as traumatic and misfortunate like this, her novels present vision and hope of African society. Her novels and short stories, most of all, treated autobiographical experiences as mixed race, related to themes on aftermath of the racial oppression, refugee's trauma, social reform. She intended to portray tensions between traditional society and modern society of Africa, the frustrations of African liberation and misplaced belief as endemic problems of African society and awaken the importance of outsider's intervention regardless of white, non-white to put an end the old regime's tyranny and recover peace. That is to say, Head's narrative strategies throughout When Rain Clouds Gather propose to reconsider South African society's inherent contradictions with self-searching voice. This study emphasizes that Head intends to lead Africans including South Africa, Botswana and non-Africans to reflect the Apartheid Ideology and colonial legacy prevalent in African society in this novel.
Abstract
This paper aims to analyze the problem of the conflict and the violence rooted in racism and tribalism in African history, centering on Bessie Head's novel, When Rain Clouds Gather. Head explored the aftermaths of racial discrimination and developed the theme of exile and trauma in her writings. These themes are related to her mixed race. She was not welcomed both in her birthplace of South Africa and in her adopted land of Botswana because of her ‘coloured’ race. Although Head’s life might be seen as traumatic and misfortunate like this, her novels present vision and hope of African society. Her novels and short stories, most of all, treated autobiographical experiences as mixed race, related to themes on aftermath of the racial oppression, refugee's trauma, social reform. She intended to portray tensions between traditional society and modern society of Africa, the frustrations of African liberation and misplaced belief as endemic problems of African society and awaken the importance of outsider's intervention regardless of white, non-white to put an end the old regime's tyranny and recover peace. That is to say, Head's narrative strategies throughout When Rain Clouds Gather propose to reconsider South African society's inherent contradictions with self-searching voice. This study emphasizes that Head intends to lead Africans including South Africa, Botswana and non-Africans to reflect the Apartheid Ideology and colonial legacy prevalent in African society in this novel.
참고문헌 (20)
- Ako, Edward, "Bessie Head and the Quest for Rain Clouds", Sossongo, 1(2), pp.147~158 (1999)
- Ashcroft, Bill, "The Empire Writes Back:Theory and Practice in Post-colonial Literature" (1989), Yale UP
- Attwell, David, "The Cambridge of History of South African Literature" (2012), Cambridge UP
- Billingslea-Brown, Alma Jean, "New Codes of Honor and Human Values in Bessie Head's “When Rain Clouds Gather", South Atlantic Review, 75(2), pp.85~93 (2010)
- Broch-Due, Vigdis, "Violence and Belonging: The Quest for Identity in Post-Colonial Africa", pp.1~40 (2005), Routledge
- Derrida, Jacques, "Of Hospitality: Anne Dufourmantelle invites Derrida to Respond" (2000), Stanford UP
- Head, Bessie, "A Woman Alone: Autobiographical Writings" (1990), Heinemann
- Head, Bessie, "Tales of Tenderness and Power" (1991), Heinemann
- Head, Bessie, "When Rain Clouds Gather" (1986), Heinemann
- Ibrahim, Huma, "Bessie Head: Subversive Identities in Exile" (1996), Virginia UP
- Johnson, Joyce, "Structures of meaning in the novels of Bessie Head", Kunapipi, 8(1), pp.56~69 (1986)
- Kenny, Kevin, "Diaspora: A Very Short Introduction" (2013), Oxford UP
- Kolawole, Mary Ebun Modupe, "Womanism and African Consciousness" (1997), Africa World Press
- Mackenzie, Craig, "Bessie Head: An Introduction" (1989), National English Literary Museum
- Mackenzie, Craig, "A Woman Alone: Autobiographical Writings. Bessie Head", pp.ix~xix (1990), Heinemann
- Mcdowell, Linda, "Gender, Identity and Place: Understanding Feminist Geographies" (2007), U of Minnesota P
- Odhiambo. Elizabeth A, "The Place of Identity and Hybridity on Literary Commitment in Bessie Head’'s When Rain Clouds Gather", Journal of Educational and Social Research, 5(3), pp.61~72 (2015)
- Pangmeshi, Adamu, "Conceptions of Marginality in the Postcolonial Novel:Revisiting Bessie Head" (2014), Dignity Publishing
- Pangmeshi, Adamu, "Utopian Quest in Bessie Head's When Rain Clouds Gather and Maru", Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities, 1(1), pp.60~75 (2009)
- Ward, Alan Ramon, "Traumatic Divisions: the Collective and Interpersonal in Bessie Head's When Rain Clouds Gather", Postcolonial Text, 8(1), pp.1~15 (2013)