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장소의 재현과 서사전략: 키플링의 『킴』과 포스터의 『인도로 가는 길』

Representation of Place and Narrative Strategy: Rudyard Kipling's Kim and E.M. Forster's A Passage to India

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Although the colonial places represented by Western writers can be usually defined as “exotic landscape,” they are in fact bound up with the themes and narrative structures of the text. By paying attention to the relationship between the narrative and the place presented in the novel, the paper aims to reveal the way in which the author's sense of place and his/her presentation of it have some profound effects on conveying the theme. It seems impossible and undesirable to examine how much India presented in A Passage to India and Kim would be authentic, considering that both Forster's India and Kipling's are reconstructed by the perspective of the authors. These two writer's presentation of the colonial place, India, cannot but go through their Western eyes which embody Western ideas and values. While pointing to the limit contained in their representations of India, this paper will also try to track down the spots where Forster and Kipling transcend their perspective as a European writer. In doing so, this paper will show how the representation of the colonial place can be a barometer for measuring up the author's sense of the other.

Abstract

Although the colonial places represented by Western writers can be usually defined as “exotic landscape,” they are in fact bound up with the themes and narrative structures of the text. By paying attention to the relationship between the narrative and the place presented in the novel, the paper aims to reveal the way in which the author's sense of place and his/her presentation of it have some profound effects on conveying the theme. It seems impossible and undesirable to examine how much India presented in A Passage to India and Kim would be authentic, considering that both Forster's India and Kipling's are reconstructed by the perspective of the authors. These two writer's presentation of the colonial place, India, cannot but go through their Western eyes which embody Western ideas and values. While pointing to the limit contained in their representations of India, this paper will also try to track down the spots where Forster and Kipling transcend their perspective as a European writer. In doing so, this paper will show how the representation of the colonial place can be a barometer for measuring up the author's sense of the other.

참고문헌 (23)

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  3. Ellis, Juniper, "Writing Race: Education and Ethnography in Kipling's Kim", The Centennial Review, 39(2), pp.315~329 (1995)
  4. Forster, E.M., "The Hill of Devi" (1953), Brace and Company
  5. Forster, E.M, "A Passage to India" (1985), Penguin
  6. Gardner, Philip, "E.M. Forster: The Critical Heritage" (1973), Routledge & Kegan Paul
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  8. Jameson, Fredric, "Modernism and Imperialism, in Nationalism, Colonialism, and Literature", pp.43~68 (1990), U of Minnesota P
  9. Kipling, Rudyard, "Kim" (1987), Oxford UP
  10. Kipling, Rudyard, "Kim, in Something of Myself" (1937), Macmillan
  11. Lange, Attie de, "Literary Landscapes From Modernism to Postcolonialism" (2008), Palgrave Macmillan
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  13. Leerssen, Joep, "Echoes and Images: Reflections upon Foreign Space, in Alterity, Identity, Image: Selves and Others in Society and Scholarship", pp.123~138 (1991), Rodopi B.V.
  14. Lothe, Jakob, "Sapce, Time, Narrative: From Thomas Hardy to Franz Kafka and J.M. Coetzee, in Literary Landscapes: From Modernism to Postcolonialism", pp.1~18 (2008), Palgrave Macmillan
  15. McClure, John, "Problematic presence: the colonial other in Kipling and Conrad, in The Black Presence in English Literature", pp.154~167 (1985), Manchester UP
  16. Mitchell, W.J.T., "Imperial Landscape, in Landscape and Power", pp.5~34 (1994), U of Chicago P
  17. Pratt, Mary Louise, "Scratches on the Face of the Country; or What Mr. Barrow Saw in the Land of the Bushmen, in “Race,” Writing, and Difference", pp.140~151 (1986), U of Chicago P
  18. Randall, Don, "Ethnography and the Hybrid Boy in Rudyard Kipling's Kim", Ariel, 27(3), pp.79~104 (1996)
  19. Rosecrance, Barbara, "A Passage to India, in Forster's Narrative Vision", pp.184~236 (1982), Cornell UP
  20. Suleri, Sara, "The Geography of A Passage to India, in E.M. Forster", pp.169~175 (1987), Chelsea
  21. Wegner, Phillip E, "‘Life as He Would Have It’: The Invention of India in Kipling's Kim", Cultural Critique, 26, pp.129~159 (1993)
  22. Williams, Patrick, "Kim and Orientalism, in Colonial Discourse and Post-colonial Theory: A Reader", pp.480~497 (1994), Columbia UP
  23. Wilson, Edmund, "The Kipling that Nobody Read, in The Wound and the Bow: Seven Studies in Literature", pp.105~181 (1941), Riverside

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