일-가정 갈등이 직무몰입과 이직의도에 미치는 영향: 가족 동기의 조절 효과
The effect of Work-family conflict on Job involvement and Turnover intention: The moderating effect of Family motivation
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초록
본 연구는 개인의 일-가정 갈등이 직무 몰입 및 이직 의도에 미치는 영향을 확인하고 나아가 이 관계를 조절하는 변수로서 가족 동기의 역할을 탐색하고자 한다. 가족 동기는 동기의 원천이 금전적 보상 또는 일 자체로부터얻는 의미가 아닌 가족을 지원한다는 가치라는 점에서 외적 동기 및 내적 동기와 구분될 수 있으며, 가장인 구성원들에게 매우 중요한 동기요소임에도 최근에야 학술연구에서 의미있게 다루어지고 있다(Menges et al., 2017). 본연구는 한국의 IT 기업에 종사하는 직원들을 대상으로 이틀에 걸쳐 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 총 330명의 설문지를 회수하여 최종적으로 318명을 대상으로 데이터 분석을 진행하였다. 결과적으로, 일-가정 갈등은 직무 몰입을유의미하게 예측하지 않았으며, 이직의도에는 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 가족 동기는 일-가정 갈등과 직무 몰입 간의 부적인 관계를 강화시키는 것으로, 또 일-가정 갈등과 이직 의도 간의 정적인 관계를 강화시키는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 가족 동기 수준에 따라 일-가정 갈등이 직무 및 조직에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향이 달라짐을 확인하여 가족 동기를 개인을 이해하기 위한 주요한 변수로 다룰 필요가 있음을 보여주었다.
Abstract
This study aims to confirm the effect of individual work-family conflict on job involvement and turnover intention, and further explore the role of family motivation as a variable that moderates this relationship. Family motivation can be distinguished from extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation in that the source of motivation is the value of supporting the family, not financial rewards or work itself(Menges et al., 2017). In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted over two days targeting employees working in Korean IT companies, and a total of 330 questionnaires were collected, and data analysis was conducted on 318 employees. As a result, work-family conflict did not significantly predict job involvement and was found to have a positive effect on turnover intention. Family motivation was shown to strengthen the negative relationship between work-family conflict and job involvement, and to strengthen the positive relationship between work-family conflict and turnover intention. This study confirmed that the work-family conflict had a different effect on attitudes toward jobs and organizations depending on the level of family motivation, indicating that family motivation needs to be treated as a major variable to understand individuals.
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