고려 경령전(景靈殿)의 건립과 동향

Abstract

Gyeongryeong-jeon(景靈殿) was one of the most important institutions and ritual forms for royal family together with Taemyo(太廟) in Koryeo(高麗) Dynasty. Gyeongryeong-jeon, which affected by Gyeongryeong-gung(景靈宮) of Song(宋) Dynasty in China, was a room for deifying ancestors’ portraits and performing ancestral offerings. It was built during the reign of Hyeonjong(顯宗) in Koryeo Dynasty. Gyeongryeong-jeon was a very unique form of ancestor worship because it was Buddhist ceremony by the Jinjeon(眞殿) deifying ancestors’ portraits and Confucian ceremony by the system of performing memorial rite in honor of five direct ancestors. Therefore it has been the subject of the study by researchers in order to understand forms and contents of ancestor worship of Korea’s royal family. Probably Kyeongryeong-jeon, which originated in wonmyo(原廟) of Han(漢) Dynasty in China, was in Koryeo Dynasty, was built to enshrine dead parents, Anjong(安宗) and queen mother Hyosuk(孝肅) by king Hyeonjong in 1027 or so. It was one of the notable features of Gyeongryeong-jeon that direct parents was enshrined regardless of the succession to the throne unlike Taemyo. After that time four direct ancestors aside from Taejo(太祖) was enshrined in the five rooms of Gyeongryeong-jeon during the reign of Yejong(睿宗) of Koryeo Dynasty. The operation and function of the Gyeongryeong-jeon had been changed a lot depending on the age in Koryeo. The Gyeongryeong-jeon in the middle of Korea Dynasty played an important function as a shrine of state and royal family with enshrining Taejo and four direct ancestors of present king in the stable period of royal authority. But its operation did not go well and the function was eminently reduced with the decline of royal authority in the regime period of soldiers. And though its basic forms has been maintained in the Won(元) intervention period and the late Koryeo period, a few rituals were performed due to the heavy decline of its function. Gyeongryeong-jeon had been maintained until Koryeo was ruined in spite of all sorts of ups and downs over the history, and Munso-jeon(文昭殿) and Gwanghyo-jeon(廣孝殿) succeeded the one as a shrine for ancestor worship in early Joseon(朝鮮).