1940-1950년대 여고생의 현실인식과 문예의 특성 고찰― 校誌 『동덕』을 중심으로 ―

Abstract

This paper is the study on the perception of reality and the characteristics of literature of highschool girls' in 1940-1950's through the analysis of Volume 14 and 17 of school magazine 『Dongduk』 of Dongduk Girl's High School which was published in the chaos of national liberation and Korean War. The school magazine 『Dongduk』 which published its first issue in 1928 voluntarily ceased its publication after issuing the Volume 13 in 1941 as a meaning of resistance against Japanese compulsory request for using Japanese characters only in the school magazine based on Japanese government's policy to make Korean people as its Emperor's citizens. In 8 years after having ceased its publication, the magazine 『Dongduk』 continued its publication issuing the Volume 14 in 1948 in the pleasure of national liberation, but it was stopped again due to Korean War and resumed the publication again issuing the Volume 17 at the temporary school building in Busan shelter. Even from the time of publishing its first issue, 『Dongduk』 had the nature of magazine for alumni association as well as the nature of quasi-literature magazine which served an outlet to vent the students' desire for creative writing at that time through literature section of the magazine. Although the level of literature was not that high but in the writings of high school girls who were at the age of having the most sensitive emotion and with the experience of a series of historical sufferings like national liberation, war and the division of country, the tradition of class literature which was popular in 1920's was ceaselessly flowing and the characteristics of war literature in 1950's were well expressed under the theme of 'Anti-communism' and 'Unification'. As high school girls were, however, still in the course of learning and their writings were based on their experiences in the limited historical space of 'South Korea', their writings showed the limit in proposing more active alternatives for their agony by merely concluding the story with individual faithfulness and efforts even though they set the plot of confrontation between landlord versus tenant farmers and high school girl versus factory girl and agonize the class conflict. Nevertheless, the attitudes of high school girls against life even under right and left ideological confrontation and dark reality from war and the division of country were very positive and active. High school girls demonstrated strong consciousness of calling that they had to play important role for social calling and national historical task of unification together with aggressive attitude to accommodate modern literature as the women of intelligence. On the other hand, they became greatly indignant against the reality of inequal treatment of female and male by the liberated Korean society, and sometimes they showed progressive attitude of recognizing the issue of enhancing women right as ultimate women task in the future advocating feminism particularly women political rights.