Expression Patterns of Growth Related Genes in Juvenile Red Spotted Grouper (Epinephelus akaara) with Different Growth Performance after Size Grading
2
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Fish shows great difference in growth rate between individuals during larval development and early growth. This difference seriously reduces the production efficiency in fish culture. Growth hormone (GH)/Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) system is said to play some pivotal roles in fish growth. In this study, we investigated differences of GH, IGF1 and GHR gene expressions in juvenile red spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara) with different growth performance. Red spotted groupers were reared under the same environmental condition (water temperature 24±1℃, natural light) for 96 days after hatching. They were divided into 3 groups by size (fast growing, middle growing and slow growing groups: FGG, MGG, and SGG, respectively). RNA was extracted from the brain, liver and muscle tissues from each group, and target gene expression was examined by real-time PCR. In the brain with pituitary gland, expression of GH gene in FGG was significantly higher than the expression in SGG, but the expression of IGF1 and GHR genes in the muscle was highest in SGG. Difference of GHR and IGF1 mRNA in the liver between groups with different growth performance was less clear than that in other tissues, although level of IGF1 mRNA was higher in SGG than in MGG. These results suggest that hormonal governing of growth is not the same in fast growing and slow growing fish, and size grading could cause a shift of hormonal state and growth pattern in this species.
Abstract
Fish shows great difference in growth rate between individuals during larval development and early growth. This difference seriously reduces the production efficiency in fish culture. Growth hormone (GH)/Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) system is said to play some pivotal roles in fish growth. In this study, we investigated differences of GH, IGF1 and GHR gene expressions in juvenile red spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara) with different growth performance. Red spotted groupers were reared under the same environmental condition (water temperature 24±1℃, natural light) for 96 days after hatching. They were divided into 3 groups by size (fast growing, middle growing and slow growing groups: FGG, MGG, and SGG, respectively). RNA was extracted from the brain, liver and muscle tissues from each group, and target gene expression was examined by real-time PCR. In the brain with pituitary gland, expression of GH gene in FGG was significantly higher than the expression in SGG, but the expression of IGF1 and GHR genes in the muscle was highest in SGG. Difference of GHR and IGF1 mRNA in the liver between groups with different growth performance was less clear than that in other tissues, although level of IGF1 mRNA was higher in SGG than in MGG. These results suggest that hormonal governing of growth is not the same in fast growing and slow growing fish, and size grading could cause a shift of hormonal state and growth pattern in this species.
참고문헌 (35)
- Barki A, "Effects of larger fish and size grading on growth and size variation in fingerling silver perch", Aquac Int, 8, pp.391~401 (2000)
- Biga PR, "The effects of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) on tissue IGF-Ⅰ, IGF-Ⅰ receptor, and GH mRNA levels in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss", Gen Comp Endocrinol, 135, pp.324~333 (2004)
- Canosa LF, "Neuroendocrine control of growth hormone in fish", Gen Comp Endocrinol, 151, pp.1~26 (2007)
- Carnevali O, "Growth improvement by probiotic in European sea bass juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.), with particular attention to IGF-1, myostatin and cortisol gene expression", Aquaculture, 258, pp.430~438 (2006)
- Chauvigne F, "Effect of refeeding on IGFⅠ, IGFⅡ, IGF receptors, FGF2, FGF6, and myostatin mRNA expression in rainbow trout myotomal muscle", Gen Comp Endocrinol, 132, pp.209~215 (2003)
- Coolican SA, "The mitogenic and myogenic actions of insulin-like growth factors utilize distinct signaling pathways", J Biol Chem, 272, pp.6653~6662 (1997)
- Dyer AR, "Development and validation of a radioimmunoassay for fish insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I) and the effect of aquaculture related stressors on circulating IGF-I levels", Gen Comp Endocrinol, 135, pp.268~275 (2004)
- Fox BK, "Effects of fasting on growth hormone, growth hormone receptor, and insulin-like growth factor-I axis in seawater-acclimated tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus", Gen Comp Endocrinol, 148, pp.340~347 (2006)
- Fruchtman S, "Insulin-like growth factor I disparately regulates prolactin and growth hormone synthesis and secretion: Studies using the teleost pituitary model", Endocrinology, 141, pp.2886~2894 (2000)
- Gabillard JC, "Effects of environmental temperature on IGF1, IGF2, and IGF type Ⅰ receptor expression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)", Gen Comp Endocrinol, 133, pp.233~242 (2003)
- Johnsson JI, "Growth hormone‐induced effects on mortality, energy status and growth: A field study on brown trout (Salmo trutta)", Funct Ecol, 13, pp.514~522 (1999)
- Kajimura S, "Dual mode of cortisol action on GH", IGF-I, J Endocrinol, pp.2003, 178[DOI]
- Kopchick JJ, "Growth hormone (GH), GH receptor, and signal transduction", Mol Genet Metab, 71, pp.293~314 (2000)
- Kumar V, "Influences of incorporating detoxified Jatropha curcas kernel meal in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) diet on the expression of growth hormone- and insulin-like growth factor-1-encoding genes", J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr, 97, pp.97~108 (2013)
- Li WS, "Molecular cloning, tissue distribution, and ontogeny of mRNA expression of growth hormone in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)", Gen Comp Endocrinol, 144, pp.78~79 (2005)
- Moriyama S, "Growth regulation by Insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ in fish", Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 64, pp.1553~1562 (2000)
- Norbeck LA, "Resolving the growth-promoting and metabolic effects of growth hormone: Differential regulation of GH-IGF-Ⅰ system components", Gen Comp Endocrinol, 151, pp.332~341 (2007)
- Ohlsson C, "The role of liver-derived insulin-like growth factor-I", Endocr Rev, 30, pp.494~535 (2009)
- Opazo R, "Comparison of gene expression patterns of key growth genes between different rate growths in zebrafish (Danio rerio) siblings", Lat Am J Aquat Res, 45, pp.766~775 (2017)
- Otteson DC, "Persistent neurogenesis in the teleost retina: Evidence for regulation by the growth-hormone", insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ axis, 2002, pp.117, 137~149
- Peter RE, "The endocrinology of growth in carp and related species", Aquaculture, 129, pp.299~321 (1995)
- Peterson BC, "IGF-Ⅰ and IGF-Ⅱ mRNA expression in slow and fast growing families of USDA103 channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)", Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol, 139, pp.317~323 (2004)
- Peterson BC, "Endocrine responses of fast- and slow-growing families of channel catfish", N Am J Aquac, 70, pp.240~250 (2008)
- Perez-Sanchez J, "Growth hormone axis as marker of nutritional status and growth performance in fish", Aquaculture, 177, pp.117~128 (1999)
- Perez-Sanchez J, "Overview of fish growth hormone family. New insights in genomic organization and heterogeneity of growth hormone receptors", Fish Physiol Biochem, 27, pp.243~258 (2002)
- Pierce AL, "A quantitative real-time RT-PCR assay for salmon IGF-Ⅰ mRNA, and its application in the study of GH regulation of IGF-Ⅰ gene expression in primary culture of salmon hepatocytes", Gen Comp Endocrinol, 135, pp.401~411 (2004)
- Reinecke M, "Insulin-like growth factor I in the teleost Oreochromis mossambicus, the tilapia: Gene sequence, tissue expression, and cellular localization", Endocrinology, 138, pp.3613~3619 (1997)
- Reinecke M, "Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factors in fish: Where we are and where to go", Gen Comp Endocrinol, 142, pp.20~24 (2005)
- Rimmer MA, "A review of grouper (Family Serranidae: Subfamily Epinephelinae) aquaculture from a sustainability science perspective", Rev Aquac, 11, pp.58~87 (2019)
- Ruzzante DE, "Domestication effects on aggressive and schooling behavior in fish", Aquaculture, 120, pp.1~24 (1994)
- Sakamoto T, "Expression of insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ gene in osmoregulatory organs during seawater adaptation of the salmonid fish: Possible mode of osmoregulatory action of growth hormone", Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 90, pp.1912~1916 (1993)
- Tymchuk WE, "Altered expression of growth hormone", insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ axis hormones in domesticated fish, 2009, pp.150, 1809~1816
- Wood AW, "Insulin-like growth factor signaling in fish", Int Rev Cytol, 243, pp.215~285 (2005)
- Yang Y, "Transcriptome analysis reveals carbohydrate-mediated liver immune responses in Epinephelus akaara", Sci Rep, 8, pp.639~ (2018)
- Zhong H, "Elevated expressions of GH", IGF axis genes in triploid crucian carp, 2012, pp.178, 291~300