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최고경영진의 인구통계학적 특성이 하이테크 기업의 기술적 혁신에 미치는 영향

The Impact of Top Management Team Demography on Technological Innovations in High-Technology Firms

송재용|채희원
한국전략경영학회 (Korean Strategic Management Society)|2009.12|전략경영연구 (Journal of Strategic Management)|제12권 제2호|pp. 83-104|DOI 10.17786/jsm.2009.12.2.004

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참고문헌

키워드

지식 창출Knowledge creationTechnological innovation기술적 혁신하이테크 기업최고경영진 특성상층부이론Top management team demographyHigh-technology firmUpper-echelons theory
주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 지식기반 하이테크 기업의 기술적 혁신을 용이하게 해주는 최고경영진(top management team)의 특성을 밝히는 데에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 본 연구는 상층부이론(upper-echelons theory)을 이용하여 최고 경영진의 인구통계학적 특성이 기업의 기술적 혁신의 성과에 영향을 미친다는 가설을 제시하였다. 2000년도 미국의 라디오 텔레비전 방송 통신 장비산업에 속한 108개의 기업을 대상으로 음이항 회귀분석을 실시한 실증분석 결과 최고경영진의 평균연령은 기술적 혁신과 부적인 관계를 갖는 반면, 최고경영진의 조직근무연한, 과학 및 공학 전문가 비율, 법률분야 종사경험자의 비율은 기술적 혁신 창출과 정적인 관계를 가짐이 드러났다. 본 연구는 그 동안 상층부이론에서 구체적으로 다루어지지 않은 기술집약적 하이테크 기업의 기술적 혁신에 대한 실증분석을 실시함으로써 지식 집약적 특징을 가진 하이테크 산업에서의 최고경영진의 특성이 기업성과에 미치는 영향이 다른 산업에서와는 다른 양상을 띨 수 있음을 보여주고 있다. 더 나아가 최고경영진 특성에 영향을 받는 조직학습 메커니즘에 대한 향후 연구의 방향을 제시하였다는데 본 연구의 의의가 있다.

Abstract

This study investigates top management team characteristics which facilitate technological innovations of high-technology, knowledge-intensive firms. Using the upper-echelons theory, we hypothesize that demographic variables of top management team (TMT) members will affect the firm’s technological innovation outcomes measured in terms of patents. Results from the negative binomial regression indicate that average age of top team members is negatively related to the technological innovations whereas average organizational tenure, the proportion of science and engineering specialists, and the proportion of top team members with legal expertise positively affect the creation of technological innovation. By examining patents as the output of technological innovation activities, which has rarely been the focus of research streams of the upper-echelons theory, this study shows that top executives in high-technology firms exert different influence on firm performance from those in other industries. This study links the empirical gap between the upper-echelons theory and the knowledge management literature, providing a new avenue for future research on the organizational learning mechanism affected by TMT characteristics.

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