中国出口食品安全监管体系的现状及改善方案

Abstract

With the economic globalization, the international food trade has been developing rapidly, providing consumers with high-quality imported food. Due to the gap in food security levels in different countries, developed country often set up trade barriers of animal quarantine and food safety standard to prevent foreign entering the country in order to safeguard their own interests. Therefore, in the international food trade, the export food of the exporting country doesn’t meet the food safety requirements of importing country, and food trade disputes often occur, which affects the international reputation of the exporting country’s food. In order to improve the safety of export food and promote international food trade, many countries have established scientific and standardized export food safety supervision system to ensure the safety of export food. Now China is the world’s second largest food exporter, and since joining the WTO, the volume and size of Chinese food exports to foreign countries have been growing by the hammer. Every year, China exports food to more than 220 countries and regions. The safety and quality of food exported has been steadily improved, and there have been no systematic, industrial or regional export food safety incidents in recent years. But in recent years, new problems have emerged in export food safety, and the supervision of food safety is also faced with new problems and challenges. Some of the food exported by China due to residues of agricultural veterinary drugs, microorganisms, food additives is banned from as unsafe food by importing countries. It caused great damage to the credibility of Chinese food in the international market. In March 2018, state council carried out its eighth institutional reform. The institutional reform involves the adjustment and reform of export food safety supervision system. With the deepening of the reform, the unified, authoritative and efficient supervision system of Chinese export food safety will be gradually improved. At present, China has basically established an omni-directional and multi-level supervision system for export food’s safety, but there are still some problems, such as backward construction of laws and regulations on export food safety and food safety standards, the need to further rationalize the supervision for export food safety, and the need to further improve the supervision capacity of export food safety. In the new situation of institutional reform, China should be innovated exported food safety supervision legislation idea, accelerate the improvement and revision of export food safety laws and regulations and food safety standards, improve export food safety effectiveness of law enforcement, actively build new-type export food safety supervision mechanism, strengthen the export food safety work through multiple approaches.