Korean Overseas Communities in Africa: Its Historical Development and Statistical Features
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The history of Korean migration might be traced back to early as 16th century when Korea engaged wars with Japan and China rrespectively and,after being severely defeated, large number of Korean craftsmen, concubine,peasants and even the members of royal family, was taken hostages to Japan and China. Those Koreans are said to create the first Korean diasporic communities in these countries. To Koreans, the history of 16th century was remembered as one of gloomy history along with the occupation of Korean peninsula by Japan in the early 20th century. Historical experiences on Korean international migration thus shed negative images on diaspora which is still wide-spreading among Koreans. This paper aims to interpret small but significant number of Korean overseas. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (MOFAT) issues a biannual report on Korean overseas and the recent version published in 2011shows that there are 7,268,771 Korean overseas over the world. The absolute number is small compare to major disporic communities, i.e. China and India. However, when it comes to the ratio per national population, Korean overseas runs second to the Jewish diasporic community. Of them, more than 80%live in three major countries: China, the United States and Japan. Quite contrary, Korean overseas in Africa countries numbers only 11,072 which occupy 0.15% of total Korean overseas. This paper pursues the reasons of insignificant presence of Korean overseas in African countries. Two reasons,negative image of Africa and strong Confucian thinking which stresses ‘Chung’(national royalty) and ‘Hyo’(family piety), are given to explain the phenomenon. I also ask for further research on Korean overseas in Africa,which is virtually non-exist, since most of academic researches on Korean overseas are focused on major diasporic communities.
Abstract
The history of Korean migration might be traced back to early as 16th century when Korea engaged wars with Japan and China rrespectively and,after being severely defeated, large number of Korean craftsmen, concubine,peasants and even the members of royal family, was taken hostages to Japan and China. Those Koreans are said to create the first Korean diasporic communities in these countries. To Koreans, the history of 16th century was remembered as one of gloomy history along with the occupation of Korean peninsula by Japan in the early 20th century. Historical experiences on Korean international migration thus shed negative images on diaspora which is still wide-spreading among Koreans. This paper aims to interpret small but significant number of Korean overseas. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (MOFAT) issues a biannual report on Korean overseas and the recent version published in 2011shows that there are 7,268,771 Korean overseas over the world. The absolute number is small compare to major disporic communities, i.e. China and India. However, when it comes to the ratio per national population, Korean overseas runs second to the Jewish diasporic community. Of them, more than 80%live in three major countries: China, the United States and Japan. Quite contrary, Korean overseas in Africa countries numbers only 11,072 which occupy 0.15% of total Korean overseas. This paper pursues the reasons of insignificant presence of Korean overseas in African countries. Two reasons,negative image of Africa and strong Confucian thinking which stresses ‘Chung’(national royalty) and ‘Hyo’(family piety), are given to explain the phenomenon. I also ask for further research on Korean overseas in Africa,which is virtually non-exist, since most of academic researches on Korean overseas are focused on major diasporic communities.
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