Digital sovereignty in Africa: a comparative analysis of Nigeria, Kenya and South Africa.
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This study examines how the concept of digital sovereignty is being shaped in three African countries: Nigeria, Kenya, and South Africa. While many discussions focus only on laws or data centres, this research poses a deeper question: how do governments and the media discuss digital control, and what does that reveal about power and trust? To answer this, the study compares policy documents and news articles, utilising both text mining tools (such as co-occurrence and topic modelling) and critical discourse analysis. The goal is to understand how the language of “sovereignty” changes depending on who is speaking and why. Findings show distinct national approaches. Nigeria focuses on building state control. Kenya shows tensions between local goals and foreign tech companies. South Africa links digital policy to democracy and citizen rights but faces trust and enforcement challenges. Overall, the study demonstrates that digital sovereignty in Africa extends beyond the location of data storage—it encompasses how countries define control, independence, and public responsibility in the digital age.
Abstract
This study examines how the concept of digital sovereignty is being shaped in three African countries: Nigeria, Kenya, and South Africa. While many discussions focus only on laws or data centres, this research poses a deeper question: how do governments and the media discuss digital control, and what does that reveal about power and trust? To answer this, the study compares policy documents and news articles, utilising both text mining tools (such as co-occurrence and topic modelling) and critical discourse analysis. The goal is to understand how the language of “sovereignty” changes depending on who is speaking and why. Findings show distinct national approaches. Nigeria focuses on building state control. Kenya shows tensions between local goals and foreign tech companies. South Africa links digital policy to democracy and citizen rights but faces trust and enforcement challenges. Overall, the study demonstrates that digital sovereignty in Africa extends beyond the location of data storage—it encompasses how countries define control, independence, and public responsibility in the digital age.