일제 강점기 경북 영일군의 이주일본인 증가와 토지소유 확대

Abstract

This paper will explore the increase of Japanese immigrants and the expansion of land ownership focusing Gyeongbuk Youngil-gun during the Japanese Colonial Rule. Japanese in the early Japanese colonial era moved to the broad plain area as area of rear where the road and railroad transportation is convenient. The representative plain of Gyeongbuk region stretched over Yeonil plain in Youngil-gun. Japanese immigrants who had the wide plains as their area of rear initially took lead the corn business through a convenient form of transportation including the East Sea central track. They sent out the collected grain produced on Yeonil plain. At that time, Youngil-gun had the railroad, port, road etc. infrastructures and played a role as colonial town in carrying out the collective crops and Fishery products of the peripheral areas. Japanese immigrants who moved to Youngil-gun accumulated capital through gaining commercial supremacy and then they started company management. 中谷竹三郞 who emigrated to Pohang first was representative. 中谷竹三郞 was doing commercial activities at first and ran various businesses like Gyeongbuk fishing business, Inc., public automobile Inc., Pohang shipping Inc., Gyeongbuk fishery Inc., 中谷竹三郞商店 Inc., Chosun livestock Inc., Gyeongbuk produce Inc. commercial activity. Meanwhile, Youngil-gun Japanese immigrants had a major concern for agricultural immigrate. But, Japanese immigrants had a hard time to occupy cultivated land so they took out uncultivated land. Through uncultivated land received from the Japanese Empire, they became a latifundist in a short time. 大內治郞 and 大塚昇次郞 were the representative men. They could begin farming and agricultural management with loaned uncultivated land. Particularly, we intend to establish an irrigation association to convert the enormous uncultivated land of entire Hyeongsan River owned by 大塚昇次郞 into a rice field. As a result, we establish a Youngil irrigation association which is the first irrigation association established by Japanese in Gyeongbuk.