본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

Ekphrasis as a Transtextual and Transcultural Event: Revisiting “Lapis Lazuli”

한희연
한국예이츠학회 (The Yeats Society Of Korea)|2016.12|한국 예이츠 저널|제51권 |pp. 73-96|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.14354/yjk.2016.51.73

1

조회

0

다운로드

2

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

도DaoismEkphrasis중국미술Chinese ArtLapis Lazuli청금석Transtextuality엑스프라시스범텍스트성
주제분류영어와문학

초록

This paper examines the contending interpretations of Yeats’s poem “Lapis Lazuli” in Western and Eastern scholarship. While scholars in the West have looked in the poem for the poet’s universal concept of tragic joy, scholars in the East have regarded the poem as an expression of Yeats’s enthusiasm for Chinese art and aesthetics. These opposing views are most clearly demonstrated in the studies by Calvin Bedient and Zhou Dan, particularly, in their discussion of the role of the Chinese landscape in the poem. While Bedient regards the Chinese landscape as an object of Yeats’s narcissistic self-expression, Zhou sees it as a source of imaginative inspiration for the poet. In this paper, this interpretive disagreement is investigated as a clash of the two ekphrastic traditions triggered by the image of Chinese landscape in the poem. Building on James Heffernan’s theory of ekphrasis as a contested negotiation between the visual and the literary, this paper shows that Yeats’s own creative process of writing the poem reveals an intricate interplay of East and West in which ekphrasis unfolds as a transtextual and transcultural event. Finally, in view of globalizing Yeatsian scholarship, the paper argues that a transtextual and transcultural approach to ekphrasis could facilitate our understanding of the contested issues of hermeneutic authority and context.

Abstract

This paper examines the contending interpretations of Yeats’s poem “Lapis Lazuli” in Western and Eastern scholarship. While scholars in the West have looked in the poem for the poet’s universal concept of tragic joy, scholars in the East have regarded the poem as an expression of Yeats’s enthusiasm for Chinese art and aesthetics. These opposing views are most clearly demonstrated in the studies by Calvin Bedient and Zhou Dan, particularly, in their discussion of the role of the Chinese landscape in the poem. While Bedient regards the Chinese landscape as an object of Yeats’s narcissistic self-expression, Zhou sees it as a source of imaginative inspiration for the poet. In this paper, this interpretive disagreement is investigated as a clash of the two ekphrastic traditions triggered by the image of Chinese landscape in the poem. Building on James Heffernan’s theory of ekphrasis as a contested negotiation between the visual and the literary, this paper shows that Yeats’s own creative process of writing the poem reveals an intricate interplay of East and West in which ekphrasis unfolds as a transtextual and transcultural event. Finally, in view of globalizing Yeatsian scholarship, the paper argues that a transtextual and transcultural approach to ekphrasis could facilitate our understanding of the contested issues of hermeneutic authority and context.

참고문헌 (54)

  1. Armstrong, Charles I., "Reframing Yeats: Genre, Allusion and History" (2013), Bloomsbury Academic
  2. Bedient, Calvin, "Yeats’s Lapis Lazuli: Romancing the Stone", Yeats: An Annual of Critical and Textual Studies, 7, pp.17~41 (1989)
  3. Bell, Vereen M., "Yeats and the Logic of Formalism" (2006), U of Missouri P
  4. Bevis, William W., "Mind of Winter: Wallace Stevens, Meditation, and Literature" (1988), U of Pittsburgh P
  5. Bloom, Harold, "Yeats" (1970), Oxford UP
  6. Cho, Mina, "The Feminine Principle in W. B. Yeats’s Poetry and Lao Tzu’s Tao-Te Ching", The Yeats Journal of Korea, 15, pp.29~61 (2001)
  7. 최희섭, "「청금석부조」의 “비극적 환희”와 불교", 한국 예이츠 저널, 21, pp.117~135 (2004), 한국예이츠학회
  8. Estrin, Barbara L., "Alternating Personae in Yeats’ ‘Lapis Lazuli’ and ‘Crazy Jane on the Mountain.’", Criticism, 16(1), pp.13~22 (1974)
  9. Fenollosa, Ernest, "The Classic Noh Theatre of Japan" (1959), New Directions
  10. Foster, R. F., "W.B. Yeats: A life. II, The Arch-Poet 1915-1939" (2003), Oxford UP
  11. Gadamer, Hans, "The Hermeneutics of Suspicion", Man and World, 17(3), pp.313~323 (1984)
  12. Genette, Gérard, "Palimpsests Literature in the Second Degree" (1997), U of Nebraska P
  13. Good, Maeve, "W.B. Yeats and the Creation of a Tragic Universe" (1987), Barnes & Noble Books
  14. Han, Li, "Yezhi yu Tao Yuanming de tianyuan langman qinghuai (The Rustic Romanticism of Yeats and Tao Yuanming)", Wenxue Jiaoyu, 8, pp.96~97 (2012)
  15. Heffernan, James A.W., "Museum of Words: The Poetics of Ekphrasis from Homer to Ashbery" (1993), U of Chicago P
  16. Ingersoll, Earl, "Yeats’ ‘Quarrel’ with Keats: History and Art in Keats’s ‘Ode on a Grecian Urn’ and Yeats’ ‘Lapis Lazuli’", Yeats Eliot Review, 10(2), pp.57~60 (1989)
  17. Jeffares, A. Norman, "Notes on Yeats’s ‘Lapis Lazuli’", Modern Language Notes, 65(7), pp.488~491 (1950)
  18. Jelnikar, Ana, "W.B. Yeats’s (Mis)Reading of Tagore: Interpreting an Alien Culture", University of Toronto Quarterly, 77(4), pp.1005~1024 (2008)
  19. 정신우, "Searching for the Meaning of Gaiety in W. B. Yeats’s “Lapis Lazuli”", 한국 예이츠 저널, 36, pp.47~57 (2011), 한국예이츠학회
  20. 김재봉, "예이츠의 「청금석부조」와 예술가의 비전", 한국 예이츠 저널, 21, pp.137~155 (2004), 한국예이츠학회
  21. Labistour, Marion, "Lapis Lazuli", Critical Survey, 3(1), pp.13~16 (1966)
  22. Legarreta-Mentxaka, Aintzane, "Yeats and Taoism (1): to Maria Motxobe Legarreta", Yeats Elliot Review, 22(3), pp.2~19 (2005)
  23. Lennon, Joseph, "Irish Orientalism: A Literary and Intellectual History" (2004), Syracuse UP
  24. Liu, Lydia H., "Translingual Practice: Literature, National Culture, and Translated Modernity—China, 1900-1937" (1995), Stanford UP
  25. Long, Yuanxiang, "Exploring Yeats’ and Tao Yuanming’s Recluse Worlds——From the Perspective of Cultural Edification", Journal of Language and Literature Studies, 6, pp.34~35 (2012)
  26. McCormack, Jerusha, "Yeats’s Mask: Yeats Annual 19", pp.260~287 (2013), Open Book Publishers
  27. Mendel, Sydney, "Yeats, Lapis Lazuli", Explicator, 19, pp.63~67 (1960)
  28. Moore, Marianne, "The Complete Prose of Marianne Moore", pp.120~124 (1987), Faber and Faber
  29. Moorman, Charles, "Stevens, Six Significant Landscapes", Explicator, 17, pp.1~3 (1958)
  30. O’Donnell, William H., "The Art of Yeats’s “Lapis Lazuli”", The Massachusetts Review, 23(2), pp.353~367 (1982)
  31. Oshima, Shotaro, "W.B. Yeats and Japan" (1965), Hokuseido Press
  32. Ou, Hong, "Yezhi yu Tao Yuanming de yinyi shijie (The Recluse World of Yeats and Tao Yuanming)", Chongqing Daxue Xuebao, 3, pp.56~60 (2005)
  33. Pietrzak, Wit, "Death as a Beautiful Occasion: The Dialectic of Imaginative Restitution in Yeats’s ‘The Gyres’ and ‘Lapis Lazuli’", Language and Literary Studies of Warsaw, 3, pp.79~92 (2013)
  34. Qian, Zhaoming, "Chinese Landscape Painting in Stevens’ “Six Significant Landscapes”", The Wallace Stevens Journal, 21(2), pp.123~142 (1997)
  35. Qian, Zhaoming, "The Modernist Response to Chinese Art: Pound, Moore, Stevens" (2003), U of Virginia P
  36. Ramazani, R. Jahan, "Yeats: Tragic Joy and the Sublime", PMLA, 104(2), pp.163~177 (1989)
  37. Ravindran, Sankaran, "W.B. Yeats and Indian Tradition" (1990), Konark Publishers
  38. Sekine, Masaru, "Yeats and Japan: The Dreaming of the Bones", Irish University Review, 45(1), pp.54~68 (2015)
  39. Sikka, Shalini, "W.B. Yeats and the Upaniṣads" (2002), P. Lang
  40. Smith, Bethany J., "Ekphrasis and Ethics in the Poetry of W.B. Yeats and Eavan Boland", Ph.D., pp.2010
  41. Walsh, "London, Modernism, and 1914" (2010), Cambridge UP
  42. Wang, Zuoliang, "Degrees of Affinity: Studies in Comparative Literature and Translation" (2015), Springer
  43. Warner, John M., "‘Lapis Lazuli’: Structure through Analogy", Concerning Poetry, 3(2), pp.41~48 (1970)
  44. Webb, Ruth, "Ekphrasis Ancient and Modern: The Invention of a Genre", Word & Image, 15(1), pp.7~18 (1999)
  45. Wilson, Bruce M., "‘From Mirror after Mirror’: Yeats and Eastern Thought", Comparative Literature, 34, pp.28~46 (1982)
  46. Xiao, Fuping, "Yezhi xinling zhi lü de Zhongguo yizhan: Chong shi “Tianqing shi diao” yu shiren de Daojia qinghuai (Daoist Thought and Yeats’s Spiritual Journey: A Tentative Analysis of ‘Lapis Lazuli.’", Yan’an Daxue Xuebao, 35(6), pp.89~94 (2013)
  47. Yeats, W. B., "Essays and Introductions" (1961), Macmillan
  48. Yeats, W. B., "The Collected Letters of W.B. Yeats" (1986), Clarendon Press
  49. Yeats, W. B., "The Collected Works of W. B. Yeats Volume II: The Plays" (2001), Scribner
  50. Yue, Daiyun, "China and the West at the Crossroads: Essays on Comparative Literature and Culture" (2016), Springer
  51. Zhang Yuejun, "“Lapis Lazuli” as Radiator of Chinese Culture: Chinese Landscape Painting and the Taoist Thinking", 한국 예이츠 저널, 49, pp.51~70 (2016), 한국예이츠학회[DOI]
  52. Zhou, Dan, "Yezhi shiqing shi zhong de shijue yishu (Visual Arts in W.B. Yeats’s Lyrical Poetry)", Ph.D., pp.2012
  53. Zhou, Xiaoping, "Lun Yezhi wenxue zuopin zhong de Zhongguo wenhua yuansu (Chinese Culture in the Works of W.B. Yeats)", Hangzhou Dianzi Keji Daxue Xuebao, 1, pp.69~73 (2013)
  54. Zhu, Zhengming, "Wallace Stevens and Oriental Culture", Ph.D., pp.2001

관련 논문AI추천

“Lapis Lazuli” as Radiator of Chinese Culture: Chinese Landscape Painting and the Taoist ThinkingZhang Yuejun한국예이츠학회 · 한국 예이츠 저널2016 · 제49권 “Lapis Lazuli”: A Chinese ReadingFu Hao한국예이츠학회 · 한국 예이츠 저널2021 · 제66권 Searching for the Meaning of Gaiety in W. B. Yeats’s “Lapis Lazuli”정신우한국예이츠학회 · 한국 예이츠 저널2011 · 제36권 Sculptural Qualities in Yeats’s Later PoetryZhou Dan한국예이츠학회 · 한국 예이츠 저널2018 · 제55권 The Transnational Poetics of Modern Writers in the World of William Butler Yeats: Yeats, Lady Gregory, Pound, and Eliot이영석한국예이츠학회 · 한국 예이츠 저널2019 · 제60권 The Reception of W. B. Yeats in ChinaZeyuan Hu한국예이츠학회 · 한국 예이츠 저널2020 · 제62권

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (22건)

Vol. 51 Editor’s Note이영석pp. 13-15Yeats’s Use of the Poetic Refrain라지브 패트키pp. 17-40The Elusive Generation: Yeats’s Troubled Allegiance to the 1890sCharles I. Armstrongpp. 41-59The Shamrock and the Maple Leaf: Yeats and Canadian Modernist PoetryBennett Yu-Hsiang Fupp. 61-72Yeats and Secularization in the Manuscripts of The Tower제리 웽pp. 97-109
원문 보기