漢代의 改曆過程과 曆譜의 성격

Abstract

]This study will focus on the backgrounds of the almanac revisions in Han China. Besides the previously mentioned reasons of these almanac revisions, such as the "Reformation based on the Heavenly Mandate(受命改制)" or "development in science", I insist that the Schools of Numerology intended to have their calendar adapted in order to apply their unique standards and criteria, which was believed to amplify their mystical powers(占驗). The continuous requests of almanac revisions were responds of the School of Calendars(曆法家) to the differences and errors in their mystical powers due to different time standards. At least these reason were the most principal motivations behind the in the adaptation of the Sifenli(四分曆) during the latter Han Period. Therefore in the various Calanders(曆譜) those which were indeed established on these thoughts many elements that reveal the practical revisionist ideas of the School of Calendars, such as the various Calendar based taboos, were included. These elements did restrict the everyday life of people. I believe that the difference of annotations found in each Annotated Calanders can be attributed to the different logics and standards of each Schools of numerology. These taboos that sometimes evolved into a more sophisticated form as can be found in the periodical taboos of the Book of Days(Rishu, 日書) were utilized to control the local society, and even became a part of the legal system as a mean of the local government to control the people. However, after the Han Period, these taboos still influenced the local society and became logical, and eventually settled down in the form of a traditional local belief in the Chinese society.(Seoul National University, Institute of Historical Research/cjm813@snu.ac.kr)