예수회의 동방 선교와 적응주의 선교 전략의 성립 -프란시스코 사비에르를 중심으로-
A Jesuit’s Mission to the East and The Establishment of Adaptationist Missionary Strategy -Through the Study on Francisco Xavier-
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As great waves of Renaissance and the Reformation rose on the West Europe, there happened new change in the Catholic Church which had exercised universal domination over Europe, which was the establishment of the Jesuits. The order of the Jesuit set up in 1543 by Ignatius Loyola of Spain participated actively in the missionary work of the East. The Jesuit missionary well equipped with up-to-date academic learning and devout spiritual discipline were detached to the East Asia through India, opening doors of mission for China. The first Jesuit missionary detached to the East was Francisco Xavier. When he was detached to the East, he had the multi secular ranks as an embassador of the Vatican, the representative of the King of Portugal and the pioneer of oversea mission of the Jesuits. He exercised these authorities in his early missionary activities. However, while he was doing his mission works in Japan later, he realized the importance of Chinese mission work for the conversion of the East, being a pioneer of the adaptationist missionary strategy introducing Western scientific knowledges to the Chinese and based on the understanding of the Chinese classics. He who exercised a great effort to open China and died there made a crucial contribution to opening China for mission. The adaptationist missionary strategy initiated by Xavier was succeeded under the guidance of Alessandro Valignano to Michele Ruggieri and Matteo Ricci, who accomplished the strategy in China. Francisco Xavier was the great pioneer of adaptationist missionary in Ming China. (Kyungpook National University/gbell@paran.com)
Abstract
As great waves of Renaissance and the Reformation rose on the West Europe, there happened new change in the Catholic Church which had exercised universal domination over Europe, which was the establishment of the Jesuits. The order of the Jesuit set up in 1543 by Ignatius Loyola of Spain participated actively in the missionary work of the East. The Jesuit missionary well equipped with up-to-date academic learning and devout spiritual discipline were detached to the East Asia through India, opening doors of mission for China. The first Jesuit missionary detached to the East was Francisco Xavier. When he was detached to the East, he had the multi secular ranks as an embassador of the Vatican, the representative of the King of Portugal and the pioneer of oversea mission of the Jesuits. He exercised these authorities in his early missionary activities. However, while he was doing his mission works in Japan later, he realized the importance of Chinese mission work for the conversion of the East, being a pioneer of the adaptationist missionary strategy introducing Western scientific knowledges to the Chinese and based on the understanding of the Chinese classics. He who exercised a great effort to open China and died there made a crucial contribution to opening China for mission. The adaptationist missionary strategy initiated by Xavier was succeeded under the guidance of Alessandro Valignano to Michele Ruggieri and Matteo Ricci, who accomplished the strategy in China. Francisco Xavier was the great pioneer of adaptationist missionary in Ming China. (Kyungpook National University/gbell@paran.com)
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