전쟁 시기 민족주의에 대한 또 다른 시각 — 샤오훙(蕭紅) ≪마보러(馬伯樂)≫의 민족주의와 젠더

Abstract

Xiao Hong(蕭紅)’s full―length novel Mabole(馬伯樂) is an unfinished work, and go unnoticed, comparing with her other novels, The Filed of Life and Death(生死場), or The Tale of Hulan River(呼蘭河傳). The reason is that this work shows a lot of difference from her previous works. Especially she chose a male intellectual of the metropolis as a protagonist. In contrast, most of Xiao Hong’s works described lives of various persecuted women in the countryside and this is a significant difference in her story writings. Although she died an early death, this work was written when she attained at maturity of writing, so cannot be simply judged as an ‘farce’ with excessive ‘humor and satire’. On the contrary, the reason for the less attention of this work, I think, is that she had not fully accepted the standard of writing at the literary circle of Chonqing(重慶), and left for Hongkong, breaking with Shaojun(蕭軍), a strong nationalist writer. It is another reason that she still retained gender narrative, a challenge against the national allegory which she had shown in The Field of Life and Death. In this respect, this essay will verify that Xiao Hong examined the nationalism during the war with narrative strategy of gender through Mabole. We can verify what kind of nationalism a weak and selfish male intellectual, Mabole faced and how the nationalism asking to protect nation sacrificed the weak during the war. This work resists gender norms showing the relationship between normative male gender and nationalism. Furthermore, this work described “evacuation” rather than “resisting”. It is not only a challenge to the conspiracy of nationalism and the standardized male gender role, but also an escape from the patriarch.