汉语法律语体省略考察— 以≪中华人民共和国宪法≫为例

Abstract

In Constitution of the People’s Republic of China, the omitted component is mainly the subject, and the syntactic function of the omitted component and the recall component are often the same. The positions of the omitted component and the recall component in the sentence are mainly symmetrical and head-tail, and the form is unified. The clauses where the omitted component and the recall component mainly have no interval, and the interval is small. There are more anaphoric ellipsis, less encyclopedia knowledge ellipsis, and no cataphoric ellipsis; more clausal ellipsis, less subordinate clausal ellipsis and simple clausal ellipsis. Accessibility and hierarchy are important factors that affect the ellipsis of Chinese legal register. The syntactic functions of the omitted component and the recall component are different in accessibility, the interval and topicality also affect it. The hierarchy mainly reflects in coordinative relation, subordinative relation and structural parallelism between clauses. The omission and recall of low-accessibility components, as well as the low-frequency forms of cross-sentence ellipsis and cross-paragraph ellipsis, tend to shorter interval, recall components are all with high topicality and can often be explained in hierarchy.