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미술치료사가 인식하는 비언어적 접근의 개념에 대한 주제 분석

Thematic Analysis on a Non-Verbal Approach Concept What Art Therapists Perceived

안다혜|김도희
한국미술치료학회 (Korean Art Therapy Association)|2024.02|미술치료연구 (Korean Journal of Art Therapy)|제31권 제1호|pp. 205-231|DOI 10.35594/kata.2024.31.1.010

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참고문헌

키워드

주제 분석개념ConceptThematic analysis미술치료사Art therapist비언어적 접근Non-verbal approach
주제분류심리과학

초록

언어를 활용하는 전통적인 상담과 달리, 미술치료는 비언어적인 것으로 특징지어지는 창의적인 미술 작업을 통해 내담자의 자기표현과 의사소통을 촉진하는 혁신적인 접근 방식을 사용한다. 이 분야에서 비언어적 접근의 개념은 잘 알려져 있지만, 이와 관련된 체계적인 설명이나 학술적 논의는 부족하여 이를 보완하기 위한 논의가 필요하다고 여겨진다. 본 연구는 비언어적 접근에 대한 포괄적인 정의를 확립하기 위하여 5명의 미술치료사와 일대일 면담을 진행하고 주제 분석을 실시하였다. 조사 결과, 21개의 하위 주제를 포함하는 5개의 중심 주제를 도출하였다: (1) 미술치료에서의 비언어적 접근 [개념], (2) 비언어적 요소 [분위기, 신체 언어, 상징, 작품의 형식적 요소, 상호작용 방식], (3) 치료 기술 [치료적 환경 조성, 단서 제공, 매체 제안, 모델링, 행동 제안, 반영하기, 관점 바꾸기, 언어화, 창의적으로 변형시키기], (4) 치료자 역할 [민감한 관찰자, 보조자], (5) 주요 효과 [긍정적 상호작용, 성찰과 통찰, 몰입, 자기조절]. 본 연구는 비언어적 접근에 대한 구조적인 개념화를 시도함으로써 비언어적인 요소가 임상적 맥락에서 어떻게 촉진되고 활용되는지 설명하였다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점을 논의하였다.

Abstract

Art therapy, distinct from conventional verbal counseling, employs innovative approaches to foster client self-expression and communication through creative artistic endeavors, often characterized as a non-verbal modality. While the concept of non-verbal approaches is widespread in art therapy, it lacks a systematic framework and academic discourse, which requires an alternative perspective for comprehension. This study conducted one-on-one interviews with five art therapists, employing thematic analysis to establish the comprehensive definition of the non-verbal approach. The investigation discovered five core themes including 21 sub-themes: First, Non-verbal Approaches in Art Therapy [concept], second, Non-verbal Elements [atmosphere, body language, symbols, formal elements of artwork, interaction techniques], third, Therapeutic Techniques [establishing a therapeutic milieu, providing cues, suggesting artistic media, modeling, proposing actions, reflecting non-verbal elements, shifting perspectives, verbalizing, creative transformation], fourth Therapist Role [attentive observer, facilitator], and fifth, Principal Outcomes [enhanced interaction, reflection and insight, creative flow, self-regulation]. This study offered a structured conceptualization of non-verbal approaches, explaining how these elements harnessed and promoted within clinical contexts. The implications and limitations of this study were also discussed.

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