The Greek Theos and Its Influence on the Formation of Platonic Philosophy
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The purpose of this study is to elucidate the relation between the Greek concept of Theos and the formation of Platonic theory of Idea and Demiourgos through investigation of the term 'theios' used in his dialogues. Through this research, one came to the following conclusions: 1) In the traditional Greek religious system of thought, the god is the being assuming the magical function of fulfilling what human beings desire, as well as the super human being(Heros), a model which human beings want to imitate(resemble). Nourished by this kind of religious strata, Plato has developed the philosophical way of thinking in which the human mind can represent the ideal and the perfect, expressed in the adjective ‘divine’(theios) in contrast to other religious beliefs in the substantiated god as a perfect being(e.g. Christianity) 2) Based on the notion which hails the human mind and endeavor to arrive at a perfect state through the concept of ‘god’, Plato employs the polysemic divine attributes(perfect, true, good) to describe the quality of Ideas. He could by it postulate the metaphysical theory of Ideas, which grounds the imperfect on the ontological perfect. 3) Grounded on this metaphysical vision and system, Plato could define the philosophical god as a being, possessing only the partiscientia and partipotentia, who makes an effort to recreate the best world on beholding the Idea of Good ; and not the religious god who in spite of possessing the omniscientia and omnipotentia, could only be object of simple religious worship. This philosophical god, having the good as his prime property, can relate the Cosmic Psyche to the Macro-cosmos, the Meso-cosmos and Micro-cosmos. That is the reason Demiourgos is depicted as a projection of the Philosopher King.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to elucidate the relation between the Greek concept of Theos and the formation of Platonic theory of Idea and Demiourgos through investigation of the term 'theios' used in his dialogues. Through this research, one came to the following conclusions: 1) In the traditional Greek religious system of thought, the god is the being assuming the magical function of fulfilling what human beings desire, as well as the super human being(Heros), a model which human beings want to imitate(resemble). Nourished by this kind of religious strata, Plato has developed the philosophical way of thinking in which the human mind can represent the ideal and the perfect, expressed in the adjective ‘divine’(theios) in contrast to other religious beliefs in the substantiated god as a perfect being(e.g. Christianity) 2) Based on the notion which hails the human mind and endeavor to arrive at a perfect state through the concept of ‘god’, Plato employs the polysemic divine attributes(perfect, true, good) to describe the quality of Ideas. He could by it postulate the metaphysical theory of Ideas, which grounds the imperfect on the ontological perfect. 3) Grounded on this metaphysical vision and system, Plato could define the philosophical god as a being, possessing only the partiscientia and partipotentia, who makes an effort to recreate the best world on beholding the Idea of Good ; and not the religious god who in spite of possessing the omniscientia and omnipotentia, could only be object of simple religious worship. This philosophical god, having the good as his prime property, can relate the Cosmic Psyche to the Macro-cosmos, the Meso-cosmos and Micro-cosmos. That is the reason Demiourgos is depicted as a projection of the Philosopher King.
참고문헌 (21)
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