金聖嘆在水滸傳評點中對人物寫實描寫的認識

Abstract

In order to reconfirm the role of Jin Shengtan as the founder in the field of Chinese novel criticism, this article basically focused on his acknowledge surrounding realism through the process of his criticizing the characters in Shui Hu Zhuan (the Tales of the Marshes). We set up 4 subtitles so-called 'the temperament of characters', ‘the appearance of characters','the mind of characters'and'the comparison between characters'to reinforce the proof of Jin Shengtan's acknowledge of the realism in his criticism theory.It is generally known, Jin Shengtan has left behind three clear footprints in the history of Chinese literature, which won him the reputation as "the pathfinder of the Chinese novel criticism". First, under the feudalism social environment of 17 century（1600s）, he broke the conservative literary atmosphere first and proposed extremely to enhance both the status and function of novel. Second, he personally took a hand in the work of punctuation criticism of novel and transcribed literary works realistically. Third, he got rid of the bad study manner which widely running in the intellectual society known as "only to know its however, did not know its reason why"(只知其然,不知其所以然). On contrary, he practically analyzed the Chinese classical novels word by word, sentence by sentence and attempted to find out one of the most deficient qualities in the field of Chinese literary criticism the realism, and established a model of rational criticism especially through the criticism of characters. He had fully displayed the function of this new founded theory through his rearrangement of 'Shui Hu Zhuan'. Finally let the later generations understand, comparing with any ancient novel, that the true value of 'Shui Hu Zhuan' was its sense of reality in the description of characters.