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옥수수 약배양 연구 동향 및 전망

Research Trends and Prospectives in Maize Anther Cultu

김재윤|이병무|문준철|김경희
한국육종학회 (The Korean Society of Breeding Science)|2016.06|한국육종학회지 (KOREAN JOURNAL OF BREEDING SCIENCE)|제48권 제2호|pp. 93-101|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2016.48.2.093

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참고문헌

키워드

Maizeanther culturedoubled haploidmicrosporeandrogenesis
주제분류농학

초록

옥수수 약배양 기술을 이용하여 DH 계통을 생산하기 위한전략은 우선 반수체를 생산하여 반수체를 확인한 후, 염색체를배가시켜 DH 계통을 재현 및 복구하는 것이 약배양의 기본연구 과정이다. 하지만 현재 우리나라의 옥수수 약배양 기술은과채류 및 원예작물, 벼, 보리, 밀 등 다른 화본과 작물들에비하여 연구 업적 및 결과 등이 많지 않으며, 실제로 옥수수약배양에 적합한 품종 선별 및 선택이 쉽지 않다. 반면 약배양을통하여 유도된 반수체와 염색체가 배가된 옥수수는 포장에서수확한 옥수수보다 일반적으로 약하기 때문에 고온 및 저온, 병해충, 제초제 등의 다양한 환경에 대하여 취약한 것이 사실이다. 하지만 약배양을 이용한 DH 계통 생산은 유용유전자선발이가능하고 육종 효율성이 높기 때문에, 최종적으로 육성 품종을신속하게 개발하여 분자육종과 결합하면 연중 육종 시스템을가동시킬 수 있는 유용한 기내 배양 기술이다. 이러한 옥수수약배양은 분자육종 및 생명공학에 활용하여 다양하고 우수한옥수수 신품종을 육성할 수 있는 가능성 높은 기술이며, 국내에적합한 옥수수 약배양 기술 개발을 위하여 많은 노력이 필요하다.

Abstract

Anther culture is useful and significant tool for producing haploid or doubled haploid (DH) plants in crop breeding system. Androgenesis is the way of inducing haploid and DH plants from anther (immature pollen) or microspore culture. In vitro androgenesis is efficient technique for introducing complete homozygous lines in one generation, thus less time and expense could be necessary than conventional plant breeding. In maize, anther culture is important system for shortening the breeding cycle and enhancing selection efficiency. Anther culture technique is also applicable to various researches such as molecular genetics, genetic engineering, genomics, and plant biotechnology. We review the past and present studies on anther culture and provide useful information for future researches on androgenesis in maize. The combination of androgenesis with other techniques such as molecular breeding and biotechnology is producing a variety of variety of maize species. In addition, we suggest strategy to develop androgenesis technique adapted to Korean research environment.

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