내탈립성 참깨의 탈립성과 주요 특성

Abstract

The growth and flowering of the sesame is continued till ripening stage, and the seeds of sesame fall out of capsule following maturation. The indeterminate inflorescence and shattering habit of sesame cause to yield loss at the harvesting and inhibit the mechanical harvesting system. Therefore, sesame breeders have developed shattering-resistant sesames, and have obtained significant results. Development of shattering-resistant sesame is expected lead to effects such as decrease of yield loss, possibility of mechanical harvesting, extension of ripening period and free selection of harvest time. This study was carried out to get basic information for the development of shattering-resistant sesames. Shattering-resistant sesames were classified into three groups by the difference of seed holding ability in capsule, the width of mesocarp and the existence of seam in capsule. The shattering rate was 84.2, 72.6, 8.2, 49.0, 44.2 and 18.0% for Yangbaek, Ansan, Suwon195, Suwon177, SIG96320-5-1-1 and SIG91044-1-1-1, respectively. Suwon195 was evaluated as shatterinr-resistant sesame of superior ability because its agronomic characters including grain yield were never inferior to them of shattering varieties Yangbaek and Ansan. SIG96320-5-1-1 (indehiscent type) and SIG91044-1-1-1 (seamless type) had poor agronomic characters compared with shattering varieties. They had undesirable characters such as malformed leaves, low seed set, fewer seeds per capsule and low yield. SIG96320-5-1-1 showed the least oil content and the most protein content among used all materials in this experiment. Suwon177 and SIG91044-1-1-1 had more lignans content than shattering varieties.