국내산 밀 품종의 수발아 저항성 평가
Evaluation of Pre-harvest Sprouting in Korean Wheat Cultivar
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초록
Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) reduces the quality and economic value of grain. Therefore improving PHS tolerance is one of the most important traits of wheat breeding program. The objectives of this study were to evaluate PHS resistance of 28 Korean wheat cultivars and to identify molecular markers associated with PHS resistance to improve the breeding process. PHS was evaluated using both mist spray in the humid chamber and artificial rain fall in the greenhouse and germination index (GI) also was determined for two years. Both evaluation of PHS and GI were significantly influenced by genotype and the interaction between year and genotype, but GI was appeared to be more stable across the year than evaluation of PHS. GI was positively correlated with both percentage of PHS induced by mist spray (r = 0.612, P < 0.001)and artificial rain (r = 0.659, P < 0.001). Sukang and Uri could be used for artificial crossing to improve PHS resistance in Korean wheat breeding program because these cultivars showed lower values in both PHS evaluations and GI compared to other varieties. One STS (sequence tagged sites) and two SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers were also applied to evaluate the suitability for PHS resistance selection. The frequencies of Viviparous-1B (Vp-1B) alleles which were detected by STS marker associated with PHS resistance, were Vp-1Ba (57.1%) > Vp-1Bc (25.0%) > Vp-1Bd (10.7%). However, variation of Vp-1B alleles did not related to PHS resistance in Korean wheat cultivars. Two SSR markers, ZXQ118 and Xhbe03 which located on chromosome 4AL, showed less variation than Vp-1B alleles. These SSR makers did not correlate with PHS resistance and GI,although white grain with 504 bp at ZXQ118 and 146bp at Xhbe03 showed higher percentage of PHS and GI value than red grain. Therefore, it will need to develop an efficient and reliable co-dominant marker in the evaluation of Korean wheat cultivars for PHS tolerance.
Abstract
Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) reduces the quality and economic value of grain. Therefore improving PHS tolerance is one of the most important traits of wheat breeding program. The objectives of this study were to evaluate PHS resistance of 28 Korean wheat cultivars and to identify molecular markers associated with PHS resistance to improve the breeding process. PHS was evaluated using both mist spray in the humid chamber and artificial rain fall in the greenhouse and germination index (GI) also was determined for two years. Both evaluation of PHS and GI were significantly influenced by genotype and the interaction between year and genotype, but GI was appeared to be more stable across the year than evaluation of PHS. GI was positively correlated with both percentage of PHS induced by mist spray (r = 0.612, P < 0.001)and artificial rain (r = 0.659, P < 0.001). Sukang and Uri could be used for artificial crossing to improve PHS resistance in Korean wheat breeding program because these cultivars showed lower values in both PHS evaluations and GI compared to other varieties. One STS (sequence tagged sites) and two SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers were also applied to evaluate the suitability for PHS resistance selection. The frequencies of Viviparous-1B (Vp-1B) alleles which were detected by STS marker associated with PHS resistance, were Vp-1Ba (57.1%) > Vp-1Bc (25.0%) > Vp-1Bd (10.7%). However, variation of Vp-1B alleles did not related to PHS resistance in Korean wheat cultivars. Two SSR markers, ZXQ118 and Xhbe03 which located on chromosome 4AL, showed less variation than Vp-1B alleles. These SSR makers did not correlate with PHS resistance and GI,although white grain with 504 bp at ZXQ118 and 146bp at Xhbe03 showed higher percentage of PHS and GI value than red grain. Therefore, it will need to develop an efficient and reliable co-dominant marker in the evaluation of Korean wheat cultivars for PHS tolerance.
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