옥수수 유망 자식계통들에 대한 잡종강세 및 수량관련 형질의 유전분석
Genetic Analyses for Yield Components and Heterosis in Maize Elite Inbred Lines
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반이면 교잡을 통해 얻어진 36개의 F1 교잡종들에 대하여수량 및 농업관련 형질에 대하여 조사하였다. 36개 교배조합의 F1과 교배친의 잡종강세를 조사한 결과, F1의 잡종강세 정도는 종실수량에서 156%로 가장 컸고, 100립중이 가장 작은7%로 나타났다. 농업형질에 의한 교배친들 사이의 표현형적거리는 육성된 계보와 차이가 있었으며, 농업형질만으로 유전적 거리를 측정하는 것은 한계가 있었다. SSR 분석에 의한유전적 거리와 농업형질과의 상관을 확인하기 위하여 9개의자식계통에 대한 92개의 SSR primer를 확인한 결과, 육성 계보에 의한 유연관계를 명확하게 나타내지 못하여 표현형적거리와 SSR 마커에 의한 유전적 거리에서도 유의성을 찾을수 없었다. 본 연구에서는 옥수수 종실수량과 SSR 분석을 통한 유전적 거리 사이의 유의성이 없었다. 따라서 종실수량과정의 상관을 보이는 9개의 primer 조합을 선발하였다. 9개의SSR primer들을 이용한 계통유연관계를 분석에서 옥수수 계통들의 계보와 선발된 SSR을 이용한 유전적 거리는 연관성을 찾을 수 없었지만, 종실수량과 선발된 9개의 SSR primer 를 이용한 유전적 거리와는 고도의 정의 상관을 보였다(R2=0.703**). 선발된 SSR primer를 이용한 유전적 거리와교잡종의 주요 농업형질의 상관 분석 결과, 교잡종 자체의 수량구성의 모든 요소뿐만 아니라 간장, 착수고도 유의성을 보였고, 평균에 대한 잡종강세와는 종실수량이 정의 상관을 보였다. 본 연구에서 선발한 9개의 SSR primer들은 옥수수 육종연구에서 교배조합 구성을 위한 잡종강세 예측에 도움을줄 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
Grain yield, agronomic traits, and correlation between genetic distance of 36 F1 hybrids produced by half-diallel crosses using nine maize inbred lines were analyzed. In the analyses of F1 hybrids and their mid-parent heterosis (MPH) for agronomic traits, grain yield showed highest MPH value of 156%. One-hundred kernel weight showed the lowest value of 7%. In addition, when genetic distance based on agronomic traits was estimated, parental inbred lines did not agree with their own pedigree. Therefore it had the limitation to estimate genetic distance using agronomic traits. In this study, 92 SSR markers were used to calculate genetic distance at DNA level. However we did not confirm their own pedigree of nine parental inbred lines. There was no correlation between grain yield and SSR markers. Therefore molecular marker selection was conducted in relation with grain yield by the step-by-step method using 92 SSR markers. The selected nine SSR markers showed a significant positive correlation (r2=0.703**) between grain yield and SSR markers. The correlations between the selected SSR markers and agronomic traits of ear length, ear width, plant height, and ear height were particularly showed positively correlated. The nine SSR markers selected in this study would help predicting heterosis and planning crosses for hybrids in maize breeding programs.
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