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『겨울 이야기』 - 무대 밖(off-stage)의 연극과 르네상스 여성들의 담화문화

Renaissance Women's Off-Stage Theater and Intimate Conversation in The Winter's Tale

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This paper investigates the similarities between the Paulina's play-within-the play hiding the Hermion's death on the off-stage and the renaissance women's secret private culture hidden, reading the particular episode of revitalization of the Hermione. Paulina intentionally tells a lie to protect the mentally-feeble queen as a dead and provides her with great care for sixteen years in the Paulina's private chapel. By denying the visibility of Plaulina's play about the queen's death intentionally on the stage, she leads a great repentance of Leontes to the surface at the end of The Winter's Tale with the spectacle scene of statue and gives a startling recognition that what goes on behind the scene(seen) not only to the spectators but also to the characters. The Paulina's intentionally unrepresented play-within-play has the power to reject the male oriented social discourse and subverts the system of patriarchy and offers the possibility of renaissance women's being subjective self. This subversive power of the patriarchal reality has a great similarity with the secret culture of renaissance women, “the closet” and “the gossip meeting”. They both free women from the rigid conventional gender roles embedded in the masculine codes as a means to maintain dominance over and exploitation of women on the basis of women's friendship and private talks. Though many women were into the lethargic area of imprisonment, silence and death in the seventeenth century, they wisely converted those area into their own and used them to overcome the existing reality. I think the hidden and unseen Paulina's play has the same energy to convert.

Abstract

This paper investigates the similarities between the Paulina's play-within-the play hiding the Hermion's death on the off-stage and the renaissance women's secret private culture hidden, reading the particular episode of revitalization of the Hermione. Paulina intentionally tells a lie to protect the mentally-feeble queen as a dead and provides her with great care for sixteen years in the Paulina's private chapel. By denying the visibility of Plaulina's play about the queen's death intentionally on the stage, she leads a great repentance of Leontes to the surface at the end of The Winter's Tale with the spectacle scene of statue and gives a startling recognition that what goes on behind the scene(seen) not only to the spectators but also to the characters. The Paulina's intentionally unrepresented play-within-play has the power to reject the male oriented social discourse and subverts the system of patriarchy and offers the possibility of renaissance women's being subjective self. This subversive power of the patriarchal reality has a great similarity with the secret culture of renaissance women, “the closet” and “the gossip meeting”. They both free women from the rigid conventional gender roles embedded in the masculine codes as a means to maintain dominance over and exploitation of women on the basis of women's friendship and private talks. Though many women were into the lethargic area of imprisonment, silence and death in the seventeenth century, they wisely converted those area into their own and used them to overcome the existing reality. I think the hidden and unseen Paulina's play has the same energy to convert.

참고문헌 (19)

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  2. Bergeron, "Shakespeare: A Study and Research Guide" (1976), Macmillan
  3. Berggren, "Female Sexuality as Power in Shakespeare's Plays in The Woman's Part, Feminism Criticism of Shakespeare", pp.4~17 (1980), U of Illinois P
  4. Blum, Abbe, "Strike all that look upon with mar<b>le” Monumentalizing women in Shakespeare' Play in the Renaissance Englishwoman in Print Counter- balancing the Canon", pp.99~118 (1990), U of Massachusetts P
  5. Carney, J. D., "Female Friendship in Elizabethan Literature", pp.1~222 (1983), University of Iowa
  6. Cook, Carol, "The Sign and Semblance of Her Honor: Reading Gender Difference in Much Ado About Nothing in Shakespeare and Gender", pp.64~92 (1995), Verso
  7. Fletcher, Anthony, "Anthony. Gender, sex and subordination in England, 1500-1800" (1995), Yale UP
  8. Jankowski, "“... in the Lesbian Void: Woman?Woman Eroticism in Shakespeare' Plays in a Feminist Companion to Shakespeare", pp.299~319 (2000), Blackwell
  9. Jardine, Lisa, "Still Harping on Daughters: Women and Drama in the Age of Shakespeare" (1983), Harvester
  10. Kahn, Coppelia, "Man's Estate, Masculine Identity in Shakespeare" (1981), U of California P
  11. Mckewin, Carol, "Counsels of Gall and Grace: Intimate Conversations between Women in Shakespeare's Plays in the Woman's Part, Feminism Criticism of Shakespeare", pp.101~117 (1980), U of Illinois P
  12. Orgel, Stephen, "Introduction; The Statue in the Chapel in The Winter's Tale", pp.1~83 (1996), Oxford UP
  13. Pitt, Angela, "Women in the Comedies and Last Plays in Shakespeare's Women", pp.75~135 (1981), David & Charles
  14. Rackin, Phyllis, "Misogyny is Everywhere.” A Feminist Companion to Shakespeare", pp.42~58 (2000), Blackwell
  15. Shakespeare, William, "The Winter's Tale" (1966), Oxford U P
  16. Stone, Lawrence, "The Family, Sex and Marriage in England 1500-1800" (1977), Harper & Row
  17. Wayne, Valerie, "Refashioning the Shrew", Shakespeare Studies, 17, pp.159~187 (1985)
  18. Williamson, Marilyn, "The Patriarchy of Shakespeare's Comedies" (1986), Wayne State UP
  19. Woodbridge, Linda, "Women and the English Renaissance: Literature and the Nature of Womankind 1540-1620" (1984), U of Illinois P

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