정조대 국조오례통편 편찬의 정치적 배경

Abstract

The compilation of a series of ritual books concerning national ceremonies also has practical meaning in terms of the theory of etiquette or actual operation, but includes more symbolism and politicalness. The same meaning can be found in the compilation of Gukjo O’rye Tongpyeon(“O’rye Tongpyeon” from now on), a national ritual book compiled by King Jeongjo. O’rye Tongpyeon was compiled by Jeongjo in the process of breaking from the frame of being the son of a late offender to the integrity of dynasty and ensuring his legitimacy as a monarch, by his efforts to reestablish the honor of his late father. The meaning of the compilation of O’rye Tongpyeon can be found in the process of the such commemoration projet. Jeongjo tried hard to create an atmosphere in which his father could be honored with the blessing and support of all political factions. The 8th year of Jeongjo’s reign, which was also when O’rye Tongpyeon’s publication was ordered for the first time, was when his son Munhyo was newly named as the official Crown prince. Meanwhile, the 12th year was no other than the 60th anniversary of the Mushin‒year revolt, which had served as an opportunity for Yeongjo to demonstrate his own legitimacy and leadership. Jeongjo must have been very much aware of the symbolic nature of that year, as believing his efforts to reestablish the honor of his late father was no different from what Yeongjo did in the Mushin‒year, he obviously tried to complete preparations for such honoring in that particular year. This very aspect should not be overlooked in our trying to determine the political background of O’rye Tongpyeon’s publication. We can further surmise that Jeongjo would have been in need of the name “O’rye” to be placed in the title of O’rye Tongpyeon, as such description would go a long way in making Jeongjo’s efforts appear as a legitimate one worthy of the dynasty’s past glory and especially of time‒honored protocols (‘O’rye‒eui, 五禮儀’). Along with Daejeon Tongpyeon, we can see O’rye Tongpyeon was compiled as a symbolic source of authority.