십이지(十二支)의 상호작용 관계로서 충(衝)·형(刑)에 관한 근원 고찰

Abstract

The interactive relationships of the 12 Earth’s Branches and the concept of good or ill luck surrounding them have long influenced folk religion and conjury culture in the cultural area of East Asia including Korea, China, and Japan as the components of its traditional thinking. It is more universal that the 12 Earth’s Branches interact with one another in the counteract relationships instead of claiming existence individually and independently. Parts of them are Chung, Hyeong, and Wonjin of Jiji. The concept of Hap and Chung of Jiji means such a possibility that many Jijis are in harmony or crashing into each other and then their nature or action may be changed. From 「Sichickhun(時則訓)」 of Chinese old book Hoinamja(淮南子), the contradiction of Jijis is interpreted as Yukhap by relating to reasons based on the passage of time, which is also connected with the theory of Yuckchunghwagi of Chinese medical old book Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經). Chung is the action in which yin and yang are not in harmony but in directional opposition like Geum(金·metal) and Mok(木·tree), Su(水·water) and Hwa(火·fire) with the Five Elements crashing into each other in the head and cause changes. There is no established theory yet as to whether one can take out and make use of the ten celestial stems stored in the Sagoji (the four Jijis serving as a warehouse), which includes Jin(辰), Sul(戌), Chuk(丑), and Mi(未), only when there is Chung achieved. But the beginning of controversy is due to mutually contradictory views presented in Jeokcheonsu(滴天髓). Wonjin is the letter one faces only after the Jijis achieve Chung among each other. Wonjin involves meeting together right after a fight, thus signifying that they hold a grudge for each other with many things left to settle. Wonjin also signifies conflicts between clash and harmony, being located between the Jiji that becomes myself(我支) and Chung and the Jiji that becomes Samhap. Meaning Hyeongsal, Hyeong originated from the principle of nature that Jij Samhap combines with Jiji Banghap, with which it survives and assists, becomes too vigorous, and then gets broken. It also means Jahwajacho since too much vitality can lead to the loss of moderation and neutralization and eventually the emergence of Hyeong.