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간헐외사시 술 후 재수술 결정을 위한 최소 관찰기간

The Minimal Postoperative Follow-Up Period to Determine Secondary Surgery in Patients with Intermittent Exotropia

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목적: 간헐외사시 수술 후 이차 교정수술이 필요했던 속발내사시, 재발외사시 환자의 술 후 경과 관찰 기간에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 2004년부터 2009년까지 간헐외사시 수술 후 1년 이상 추적관찰이 가능했던 728명의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 속발내사시는 비수술적 치료에도 불구하고 술 후 6개월째에 15프리즘디옵터(PD) 이상의 내편위를 보인 군으로 정의하였고, 재발외사시는 비수술적 치료에도 불구하고 경과 중 15 PD 이상의 외편위를 보인 군으로 정의하였다. 결과: 728명의 환자를 평균 7.5세(22개월-30세)에 첫 수술을 시행하고 술 후 47.2개월(13-75개월) 동안 경과 관찰하였다. 그 중 647명(88.7%)은 최종 관찰 시 정위였고 49명(6.7%)의 과교정군 중 44명(6.0%)은 속발내사시로 일차수술 후 14.2개월(6-65개월)에 이차수술을 시행하였으며 56명(7.7%)의 부족교정군 중 21명(2.9%)은 재발외사시로 일차수술 후 48.6개월(20-106개월)에 이차수술을 시행하였다. 양안시기능은 술 전 상태보다 속발내사시군에서는 경과관찰 중 악화되었으나(p<0.001), 정위와 재발외사시군에서는 최종 관찰시 향상되었다(p=0.041, 0.021). 속발내사시군은 정위군에 비해 술 후 2개월부터 10 PD 초과의 내편위를 지속적으로 보여(p=0.005)재수술을 시행하였고, 재발외사시군은 술 후 6개월째 17명(81.0%)에서는 정위를 보였으나 술 후 18개월 이후부터 모든 경우에서 10PD 초과인 외편위에 속하여 재수술을 시행하였다. 결론: 간헐외사시는 술 후 특히 속발내사시와 재발외사시에 대한 이차수술의 적절한 결정이 매우 중요하다. 특히 술 후 2개월 이후에도 계속 10 PD를 초과하는 내편위를 보이는 경우에는 양안시기능의 회복 및 향상을 위해 속발내사시의 조기 재수술을 고려함이 좋으며, 재발외사시의 발생 및 이차수술 결정을 위해서는 술 후 최소한 1년 반 이상의 장기관찰이 필요하다.

Abstract

Purpose: We investigated the recommended minimum postoperative follow-up period for the determination of secondary correctivesurgery for the consecutive esotropia (ET) and recurrent exotropia (XT) after the first intermittent XT surgery. Methods: The medical records of 728 patients who underwent surgical treatment for intermittent XT between 2004 and 2009 with aminimum postoperative follow-up of 1 year were retrospectively reviewed. Each patient underwent a detailed sensory and motor examination,including measurements of near and distance stereoacuity, alternating-cover test, and extraocular muscle function testing. Consecutive ET was defined as esodeviation over 15 prism diopter (PD) at distance persisting for more than 6 months after surgerydespite medical treatment. Recurrent XT was defined as exodeviation over 15 PD at distance after surgery despite medical treatment. Results: The mean age of the 728 patients at first surgery was 7.5 years (range, 22 months - 30 years). When only the motor outcomewas considered, 663 patients (91.1%) had an orthrotropia at the final follow-up and 44 patients (6.0%) among consecutiveET patients and 21 patients (2.9%) who had a recurrent XT underwent secondary surgical correction. Binocularity decreasedpostoperatively in patients with consecutive ET (p < 0.001), whereas the other patients demonstrated improved stereopsis postoperatively(p = 0.041, 0.021). Patients with consecutive ET showed esodeviation over 10 PD when compared with orthotropiaafter 2 months postoperatively (p = 0.005). At 6 months postoperatively, 17 (81.0%) of 21 patients with recurrent XT showed orthotropiawith an exodeviation over 11 PD after 18 months postoperatively. Conclusions: The success rate of surgical correction for intermittent XT showed a favorable outcome. However, careful concern forconsecutive ET and recurrent XT are required in postoperative follow-up periods. Over-corrected or consecutive ETs need early surgicalcorrection because no further improvement of ocular alignment will occur after 2 months postoperatively and delayed correctioncan result in poor sensory binocularity. Under-corrected or recurrent XT should be observed for an extended period because of theexotropic drift after surgery, thus requiring periodic long term follow-up for secondary surgery at least for 18 months postoperatively.

참고문헌 (35)

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