Evaluation of Foveal Avascular Zone and Capillary Plexuses in Diabetic Patients by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
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Purpose: To investigate the foveal avascular zone (AVZ), superficial and deep foveal and parafoveal vesseldensity (VD) changes related to diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Forty-nine type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and 45 healthy control subjects were included in this study. The demographic data (age and sex), disease duration, and level of glycated hemoglobin were collected. SuperficialVD (%), superficial AVZ area (mm2), deep VD (%) and deep AVZ area (mm2) were evaluated via opticcoherence tomography angiography. Results: Superficial AVZ was 0.438 ± 0.05 mm2 in the DM group, 0.246 ± 0.022 mm2 in the control group (p< 0.001). Deep AVZ was 0.732 ± 0.06 mm2 in the DM group, and 0.342 ± 0.022 mm2 in the control group (p< 0.001). Superficial foveal VD was 29.45 ± 0.76 mm2 in the DM group, and 34.86 ± 0.75 mm2 in the controlgroup (p < 0.001). Deep foveal VD was 24.85 ± 1.08 mm2 in the DM group, and 33.47 ± 0.56 mm2 in the controlgroup (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In this study, we demonstrated an enlargement in the foveal AVZ along with a reduction in thevascular density of the superficial and deep capillary network in the foveal and parafoveal area using optic coherencetomography angiography in patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. This technique can beused to monitor the progression of the disease and to evaluate the response to treatment.
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the foveal avascular zone (AVZ), superficial and deep foveal and parafoveal vesseldensity (VD) changes related to diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Forty-nine type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and 45 healthy control subjects were included in this study. The demographic data (age and sex), disease duration, and level of glycated hemoglobin were collected. SuperficialVD (%), superficial AVZ area (mm2), deep VD (%) and deep AVZ area (mm2) were evaluated via opticcoherence tomography angiography. Results: Superficial AVZ was 0.438 ± 0.05 mm2 in the DM group, 0.246 ± 0.022 mm2 in the control group (p< 0.001). Deep AVZ was 0.732 ± 0.06 mm2 in the DM group, and 0.342 ± 0.022 mm2 in the control group (p< 0.001). Superficial foveal VD was 29.45 ± 0.76 mm2 in the DM group, and 34.86 ± 0.75 mm2 in the controlgroup (p < 0.001). Deep foveal VD was 24.85 ± 1.08 mm2 in the DM group, and 33.47 ± 0.56 mm2 in the controlgroup (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In this study, we demonstrated an enlargement in the foveal AVZ along with a reduction in thevascular density of the superficial and deep capillary network in the foveal and parafoveal area using optic coherencetomography angiography in patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. This technique can beused to monitor the progression of the disease and to evaluate the response to treatment.
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