선천눈꺼풀처짐환자에서 눈꺼풀처짐교정술의 임상결과 비교 및 굴절이상 특성
Clinical Outcomes and Refractive Error Characteristics in Patients with Congenital Blepharoptosis after Ptosis Repair Surgery
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목적: 선천눈꺼풀처짐환자에서 교정술 방법에 따른 임상결과와 굴절 변화에 대해서 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 2008년 1월부터 2018년 10월까지 선천눈꺼풀처짐을 진단받고, 보존대퇴근막을 이용한 이마근걸기술 또는 최대눈꺼풀올림근절제술을 시행 받은 8세 미만의 환자 중 굴절이상을 동반하고, 환자 73명, 86안을 대상으로 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 수술 전과 수술 1년 후 MRD1을 측정하였고 수술 방법 간 임상결과를 비교하였다. 수술 전, 수술 후 1년 후 난시를 측정하였고, 수술 전후 난시, 수술 방법에 따른 난시 변화량, 난시 변화에 영향을 주는 요인을 분석하였다. 결과: 선천눈꺼풀처짐 86안 중 42안(48.8%)에서 최대눈꺼풀올림근절제술, 44안(51.2%)에서 보존대퇴근막을 이용한 이마근걸기술이 시행되었고, 각각 95.2%, 75.0%에서 임상적으로 만족스러운 결과를 얻었다(p=0.014). 단안 눈꺼풀처짐안에서 술 전 평균 난시는 눈꺼풀처짐안이 -0.71 ± 0.85D, 정상안이 -0.66 ± 0.97D로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 눈꺼풀처짐안의 난시는 수술 전 -0.71 ± 0.85D, 수술 후 -1.27 ± 1.2D로 수술 후 난시가 증가하였고(p<0.001), 수술 후 MRD1 크기가 수술 후 난시 증가와 연관이 있었다(p=0.022, r=-0.261). 결론: 선천눈꺼풀처짐환자에서 보존대퇴근막을 이용한 이마근걸기술에 비해 최대눈꺼풀올림근절제술이 수술 후 더 높은 성공률 경향을 보여주었다. 눈꺼풀처짐안과 정상안의 수술 전 굴절값 차이는 없었으나, 눈꺼풀처짐이 잘 교정된 환아들에서 굴절값 변화가 더 많아 이에 대해 경과 관찰과 치료가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
Purpose: We investigated changes in postoperative refractive error after surgery to treat congenital ptosis and the clinical outcomes by surgical method. Methods: The study was retrospective and interventional. We enrolled 73 patients in whom 86 eyes exhibited visual axis-obscuring congenital ptosis. All patients were under 8 years of age, with refractive errors or amblyopia, and underwent maximal levator resection or frontalis sling surgery with fascia lata preservation from January 2008 to January 2018; the minimum follow-up time was 6 months. Visual and surgical outcomes were assessed by reviewing clinical photographs taken before and 1 year after surgery. Refractive error changes were measured at these times. Results: Maximal levator resection was performed on 42 of 86 eyes (48.8%) and frontalis sling surgery with preservation of the fascia lata on 44 eyes, 95.2% and 75.0% of patients, respectively, exhibited good or fair surgical outcomes. The preoperative mean astigmatisms of the ptotic and control eyes of those with unilateral disease did not differ significantly: -0.71 ± 0.85 D for ptotic eyes and -0.66 ± 0.97 D for control eyes. The mean astigmatism increased from -0.71 ± 0.85 D preoperatively to -1.27 ± 1.2 D postoperatively (p < 0.001). The postoperative MRD1 value correlated with the increase in postoperative astigmatism (p = 0.022, r = -0.261). Conclusions: Maximal levator resection tended to afford better surgical outcomes than frontalis sling surgery with preservation of the fascia lata in patients with congenital ptosis. Patients in whom the postoperative eyelid position was good tended to exhibit higher refractive errors. Careful examination and treatment are recommended to ensure good visual outcomes.
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