초시력 측정의 새로운 방법
A Novel Method for Hyperacuity Measurement
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목적: 초시력을 측정하는 새로운 방법을 개발하고 검사의 유용성을 검증하고자 한다. 대상과 방법: 좌우 영상 교대 표시와 이에 맞춘 액정 차폐 안경을 이용한 3차원(3D) 액정 평판 화면으로 3D 초시력 검사를 개발하였다. 3D 초시력 검사는 정상군(48명), 백내장군(14명), 황반부 질환군(35명)으로 총 세 군에서 시행하였다. 5개의 점으로 구성된 시표와 기준선 영상을 제작하였는데, 5개 점의 시표는 1개의 점이 단계에 따라 다른 점들과 어긋나 있다. 한쪽 눈에는 시표를 보여주었고, 반대편 눈에는 기준선 혹은 빈 영상을 보여주면서 피검자가 다른 위치에 있는 1개의 점을 인식하는 경우 이를 점수화하였다. 결과: 대상 안에 기준선 이미지가 있을 때(RR), 대상 안에 빈 이미지가 있을 때(RB), 반대 안에 기준선 이미지가 있을 때(CR), 반대 안에 빈 이미지가 있을 때(CB) 총 네 경우의 초시력을 측정하였다. 세 군 모두 RR 대 RB, CR 대 CB에서 기준선이 없을 때에 비해 있을 때 초시력 점수가 더 낮았다(p <0.01, 각각). RR과 CR에서 초시력 점수는 정상군과 백내장군에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으나(p=0.553, p=0.494) 정상군과 황반부 질환군은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 관찰되었다(p=0.028, p=0.002). 또한 기준선이 대상 안에 위치할 때와 반대 안에 위치할 때의 초시력 차이는 유의하지 않았다(p>0.05, 각각). 결론: 새로운 초시력 측정의 방법은 매체 혼탁에 영향을 받지 않으나 황반부 질환에는 유의한 차이를 보인다. 또한 기준선의 제시는 검사를 보다 쉽고 간편하게 사용할 수 있게 한다.
Abstract
Purpose: We developed a novel method for measurement of hyperacuity and verified the utility thereof. Methods: We developed a three-dimensional (3D) hyperacuity test using a 3D liquid crystal flat screen, a left- and right-image polarized display, and liquid crystal shutter glasses. We tested the technique in three groups: normal (n = 48), with cataracts (n = 14), and with macular disease (n = 35). We used a chart consisting of five dots and a reference line. Of the five dots, one was variably shifted from the other dots. A chart was presented to one eye and the reference line or blank image to the other eye; a subject scored positive when the dot in the unusual position was recognized. Results: Hyperacuity was measured in terms of the reference line seen by the reference eye (RR), a blank image seen by the reference eye (RB), the reference line seen by the contralateral eye (CR), and a blank image seen by the contralateral eye (CB). All test scores were significantly lower when the reference line was seen than not (RR vs. RB and CR vs. CB; p < 0.01, respectively). For the RR and CR tests, no significant difference was apparent between the normal and cataracts group (p = 0.553, p = 0.494) but such differences were evident between the normal and macular disease groups (p = 0.028, p = 0.002). Also, visualization of the reference line by the reference and contralateral eyes did not differ (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Measurement of hyperacuity using our new method was not affected by media opacity but was significantly affected by macular disease. Presentation of a reference line facilitated hyperacuity assessment.
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