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양안 안축장 차이가 2 mm 이상인 고도근시 환자의 백내장수술 후 시력예후

Outcomes after Cataract Surgery in High Myopes with Axial Length Differences of ≥2 mm

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목적: 안축장 차이가 2 mm 이상인 고도근시 환자의 백내장수술 후 시력예후에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 본원에서 2014년 1월부터 2020년 6월까지 백내장수술을 받은 환자 중, 적어도 한 눈의 안축장이 26 mm 이상이면서, 안축장 차이가 2 mm 이상인 환자들을 대상으로 후향적 연구를 진행하였다. 긴 눈, 짧은 눈으로 Mann-Whitney U-test를 시행하였고, 예후 관련 요소들을 단변량, 다변량 선형회귀분석을 통해 분석하였다. 결과: 한 눈이라도 안축장이 26 mm 이상인 환자 중 안축장의 차이가 2 mm 이상인 환자는 12명이었다. 긴 눈과 짧은 눈의 안축장은 29.17 ± 1.94 mm, 26.66 ± 2.51 mm (p=0.02, Mann-Whitney U-test)였다. 수술 전 최대교정시력(logMAR)의 평균은 긴 눈에서 1.09 ± 0.62, 짧은 눈에서는 0.19 ± 0.16이었다. 수술 6개월 후 최대교정시력의 평균은 긴 눈에서 0.19 ± 0.16, 짧은 눈에서 0.08 ± 0.10이었다. 단변량 선형회귀분석에서 수술 6개월 후 최대교정시력은 수술 전 시력이 좋을수록, 중심구역황반두께가 얇을수록 좋았다. 다변량 선형회귀분석에서 수술 6개월 후 최대교정시력은 수술 전 최대교정시력이 좋을수록 좋았다. 다변량 선형회귀분석에서 수술 전후 시력회복 정도는 수술 전 최대교정시력이 좋을수록 증가하였다. 결론: 양안 안축장의 차이가 2 mm 이상인 고도근시안에서 백내장수술 후 유의하게 시력이 호전됨을 확인하였다.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the visual outcome after cataract operations in high myopia patients, whose axial length differences are longer than 2 mm. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients who had received phacoemulsification cataract surgery from January 2014 to June 2020. The patients whose axial lengths and inter-eye axial lengths exceeded 26 and 2 mm, respectively, were selected. Demographic data, axial lengths, central subfield macular thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer, and best-corrected visual acuities (BCVAs) before and at 6 months postoperatively were collected. The factors related to visual outcome were analyzed using univariate, multivariate linear regression. Results: Twelve patients had an inter-eye axial length difference longer than 2 mm. The average axial lengths of longer and shorter eyes were 29.17 ± 1.94 and 26.66 ± 2.51 mm, respectively (p = 0.02, Mann-Whitney U-test). The BCVAs (logarithm of minimal angle of resolution, logMAR) of the longer and shorter eyes before the surgery were 1.09 ± 0.62 and 0.19 ± 0.16, respectively (p = 0.03, Mann-Whitney U-test). The BCVAs (logMAR) of the longer and shorter eyes 6 months after surgery were 0.19 ± 0.16 and 0.08 ± 0.10, respectively (p = 0.11, Mann-Whitney U-test). In univariate linear regression analysis, the BCVAs 6 months after the surgery showed better preoperative BCVAs (p < 0.001) and a thinner central subfield macular thickness (p = 0.001). In multivariate linear regression analysis, the BCVA at 6 months after the surgery showed significant improvement compared with preoperative BCVA values (p < 0.001). Conclusions: High myopia patients whose axial length differences exceeded 2 mm showed improved VA after cataract surgery.

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