단안약시 환자에서 시행한 한국어판 읽기검사 및 시지각검사에 대한 전향적 사전 연구
Korean Versions of the Reading Test and Visual Perception Test for Children Treated for Unilateral Amblyopia
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목적: 읽기 속도 측정과 시지각기능검사를 통하여 약시 아동의 시기능을 평가할 수 있다. 국내 약시 아동의 읽기 속도 및 시지각 기능평가는 보고된 바 없다. 이 연구의 목표는 약시로 치료받은 환아의 시기능 평가를 위해 표준화된 검사를 사용하고 이 검사의 효용성을확인하는 것이다. 대상과 방법: 2020년 9월부터 2021년 3월까지 단안 굴절약시를 진단받은 5-12세 아동을 대상으로 읽기 평가와 시지각 기능 평가를실시하였다. 읽기 평가는 읽기 능력 진단 평가(Readability Diagnostic Assessment, RDA)와 한국어 기반 읽기 평가(Korean Language-based Reading Assessment, KOLRA)를, 시각 지각 기능 평가는 한글판 시각지각발달검사-제3판(Korean version of Developmental Test of Visual Perception-Third Edition test, K-DTVP-3) 검사를 사용하였다. 결과: 총 10명의 단안약시 환자의 읽기 능력과 시각 지각 기능을 평가하였다. 환자군의 읽기 속도는(평균 185 ± 78.2 words per minute [WPM]) 대조군과 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 일반 시지각 지수는 대조군과 유의한 차이가 없었으나 하위검사 중 눈-손협응검사와 도형-배경검사의 백분위 평균은 정상 평균의 50%보다 낮았다. 시지각검사 중 눈-손 협응검사(r2=0.585, p=0.01)와 도형-배경검사(r2=0.482, p=0.03)의 백분위는 약시안 최대교정시력과 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 결론: 본 연구에서 환자군의 읽기 유창성은 대조군과 유의한 차이가 없었고, 시지각 기능검사의 일부 하위 항목의 점수는 정상 평균보다 낮았다. 읽기 유창성 검사와 시지각 기능검사가 약시 환자의 시기능 결함을 반영할 수 있는지 여부를 결정하기 위해서는 많은수의 단안약시 환아를 대상으로 하는 후속 연구가 필요하다.
Abstract
Purpose: Reading speed and visual perception are used to evaluate visual function in children with amblyopia. This study used standardized tests to evaluate binocular reading performance and visual motor function in children treated for unilateral refractive amblyopia. Methods: In a prospective pilot study, reading and visual perception were evaluated in children aged 5-12 years who were diagnosed with unilateral refractive amblyopia between September 2020 and March 2021. To evaluate reading skills, the Readability Diagnostic Assessment and Korean Language-based Reading Assessment (KOLRA) were administered. The Korean version of the Developmental Test of Visual Perception-Third Edition (K-DTVP-3) test was used to evaluate visual perception function. Results: Reading ability and visual perception function were evaluated in 10 patients with unilateral refractive amblyopia. In the reading fluency test, the average reading speed of the patients was 185 ± 78.2 words per minute (WPM), and did not differ from that of the control group provided by KOLRA (p > 0.05). The general visual perception score was not significantly different from that of the controls. Among subtests of the K-DTVP-3, the hand coordination and figure-background tests scored 32.3 ± 17.7% and 29.9 ± 18.7%, respectively, lower than 50% of the normal average. The scores of the eye-hand coordination (r 2 = 0.585, p = 0.01) and figure-background (r 2 = 0.482, p = 0.03) tests were significantly correlated with the subject’s best-corrected visual acuity. Conclusions: In this study, there was no significant difference in reading fluency between the patients and controls. Among the K-DTVP-3 subtests, the average scores of the hand coordination and figure-background tests were lower than normal. Further studies are required to determine whether the reading fluency test and K-DTVP-3 reflect visual perception deficits in amblyopic patients.
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