자기공명영상을 이용한 이행척추의 발생 빈도와 척주관 및 경막주머니 가로면 면적 연구
Incidence Rate of Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebrae and Measurement of their Cross-sectional Areas of Vertebral Canal and Dural Sac Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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본 연구에서는 선천성 척추기형의 한 종류인 이행척추의 성별에 따른 발생 빈도를 알아보고, 해당 부위의 척주 관과 경막주머니의 가로면 면적을 자기공명영상에서 계측하여 한국인의 생체 연구에 대한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 하 였다. 허리통증으로 허리엉치부위의 자기공명영상을 촬영한 환자 9709명 (남자 5570명, 여자 4139명)의 영상을 분석하 여 허리뼈되기와 엉치뼈되기로 이행척추가 확인된 환자 367명 (남자 188명, 여자 179명) 중 척주관과 경막주머니의 형 태 변형을 유발할 수 있는 질환이 없는 환자 345명 (남자 175명, 여자 170명)을 대상으로 척주관과 경막주머니의 가로 면 면적을 계측하였으며, 평균 연령은 55.17세이었다. 본 연구의 대상자 중 이행척추의 발생률은 3.77%이었고 그중 허 리뼈되기와 엉치뼈되기의 발생률은 각각 2.27% 및 1.50%로 허리뼈되기의 발생 빈도가 더 높게 나타났다 (p<0.05). 허 리뼈되기군의 성별 분포는 남자가 133명 (60.2%)으로 88명 (39.8%)인 여자에 비해 1.5배 정도 더 높은 발생률을 나타 냈지만, 엉치뼈되기군의 성별 분포는 여자가 91명 (62.7%)으로 55명 (37.3%)인 남자에 비해 1.7배 정도 비율이 더 높 았다 (p<0.001). 척주관 가로면 면적은 허리뼈되기 수준 (대조군의 L4~L5)에서 대조군보다 허리뼈되기군이 더 좁았 지만 (p<0.001), 엉치뼈되기 수준 (대조군의 L5~S1)에서는 대조군과 이행척추군 사이에 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않 았다. 그러나 경막주머니 가로면 면적은 엉치뼈되기 수준 (대조군의 L5~S1)에서 대조군보다 이행척추군이 더 넓었다 (p<0.001). 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 한국인에서 이행척추의 척주관 협착 정도를 판단하는 하나의 지표로써 임상적으 로 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.
Abstract
Human lumbar spines usually consist of five vertebrae; however, some individuals have vertebral anomalies with four or six lumbar vertebrae because of the lumbarized first sacral vertebra (lumbarization) or the sacralized fifth lumbar vertebra (sacralization), respectively. These vertebral anomalies are called lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV). This study was performed to determine the prevalence of LSTV and to measure their cross-sectional areas of vertebral canal and dural sac in Koreans using magnetic resonance imaging. We evaluated 9709 patients, comprising of 5570 male and 4139 female subjects. The prevalence of LSTV in our study population was 3.77%, with a higher incidence of lumbarization than sacralization (p<0.05). The prevalence of lumbarization was 2.27%, with a higher rate in men (60.2%), while the incidence of sacralization was 1.50%, with a higher rate in women (62.7%). Differences between the groups were compared separately for the L4~L5 level which represents the level of lumbarization, and the L5~S1 level which represents the level of sacralization. When the vertebral canal cross-sectional areas (VCCSA) were compared between the normal and LSTV groups, the size of the vertebral canal was found to be smaller in the lumbarization group than in the normal group at the L4~L5 level (p<0.001), while there was no significant difference in VCCSA between the normal and LSTV groups at the L5~S1 level. However, when the dural sac cross-sectional areas were compared between the normal and LSTV groups, the size of the dural sac was larger in the LSTV group than in the normal group at the L5~S1 level (p<0.001). These results could be clinically used as one of the parameters for evaluating lumbar vertebral canal stenosis with LSTV in Koreans.
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