실생활 문장제에서 현실맥락 고려에 관한 예비교사들의 인식 분석
Pre-service teachers’ conceptions about considering the realistic contexts in the word problems
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초록
이 연구는 예비교사들을 대상으로 1) 실생활 문장제의 해결 과정에서 현실맥락을 예민하게 고려하는지, 2) 교사 입장에서 문제의 현실맥락을 예민하게 고려한/고려하지 않은 학생 응답을 어떻게 평가하는지를 조사하였다. 예비교사들 역시 학생들과 마찬가지로 일부 실생활 문장제에 대하여 현실맥락을 예민하게 고려하지 않았으며, 현실맥락을 예민하게 생각하지 않은 채 전형적인 풀이를 적용한 학생 응답을 현실맥락에 예민하게 반응한 답보다 높이 평가하였다. 예비교사 자신이 문제 해결 과정에서 현실맥락을 예민하게 고려했던 경우와 아니었던 경우 모두 학생의 현실맥락 고려를 문제 의도에 부합하지 않는다는 점에서 혹은 문제 오류의 증거로 긍정적으로 수용하지 않았다. 예비교사들의 학생 응답에 대한 평가의견에 내포된 전제로부터 예비교사들이 수용했으며 실생활 문장제의 교수 학습 상황과 학생들에게 기대한 암묵적인 교수학적 계약을 구체적으로 관찰할 수 있었다. 실생활 문장제에 대한 예비교사들의 인식을 탐색한 본 연구의 결과는 예비교사들이 실생활 문장제에 대해 가지고 있는 통상 교수학에 도전하고 수정할 수 있는 교사 교육 프로그램의 개발에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
We investigated whether and how pre-service teachers took the realistic contexts seriously in the course of solving word problems; additionally, we investigated how pre-service teachers evaluated students’ realistic and non-realistic answers to word problems. Many pre-service teachers, similar to students, solved some of the realistic problems unrealistically without taking the realistic contexts seriously. Besides, they evaluated students’ non-realistic answers higher than the realistic answers. Whether the pre-service teachers could solve problems realistically or not, they did not appreciate students’ realistic considerations for the reasons that those were not fitted to the intentions of the word problems, or those were evidence of the flaws of the problem. Furthermore, the analysis of premises implied in the pre-service teachers’ evaluation comments showed the implicit didactic contracts about realistic word problem solving that they accepted and also anticipated students to follow. Our analysis of the pre-service teachers’ conceptions of realistic word problems can help teacher educators design the teacher program to challenge and revise pre-service teachers’ folk pedagogy.
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