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AI 기반 수학 교수·학습에 대한 체계적 문헌 고찰: AI의 역할과 교사의 역할을 중심으로

Systematic literature review on AI-based mathematics teaching and learning: Focusing on the role of AI and teachers

권오남|윤정은
한국수학교육학회|2024.08|수학교육 (The Mathematical Education)|제63권 제3호|pp. 573-591|DOI https://doi.org/10.7468/mathedu.2024.63.3.573

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체계적 문헌 고찰교사의 역할Mathematics education수학교육Systematic literature reviewRole of teachersAI 기반 수학 교수・학습AI의 역할AI-based mathematics teaching and learningRole of AI

초록

본 연구는 AI 기반 수학 교수・학습에 대한 문헌을 체계적, 종합적으로 고찰하여 연구 동향을 탐색하고자 수행되었다. 이를위해 최근 10년 간의 수학교육 문헌 중 문헌선정기준에 부합하는 57개의 문헌을 연구 대상, 연구 방법, 연구 목적, 학습 내용, AI의 유형, AI의 역할, 교사의 역할 측면에서 체계적 문헌 고찰하였다. 연구 결과, 연구 대상 중 학생을 대상으로 한 연구가 51%로 가장 많은 비중을 차지했으며, 연구 방법 중 양적 연구의 비중이 49%로 가장 높았다. 연구 목적은 효과 분석44%, 이론적 논의 35%, 수업 사례 탐색 21%로 분포했다. 학습 내용으로 ‘수와 연산’과 ‘문자와 식’이 가장 많이 다루어졌고, AI 유형 중 지능형 튜터링 시스템(ITS)이 가장 많이 사용되었다. AI의 역할은 학습자 교수의 비중이 40.4%로 가장 높았으며, 교수자 지원 22.8%, 학습자 지원 21%, 시스템 지원 15.8% 순으로 분포하였다. 교사의 역할은 초기 연구일수록 ‘AI 수용자’로서의 역할이, 최근 연구일수록 ‘AI와의 건설적 파트너’로서의 역할이 부각되었고, 각 역할이 교육학적, AI-기술적, 내용적 측면에서 탐색되었다. 이를 통해 국내 수학교육 후속 연구의 방향이 제안되었고, AI 기반 수학 교수・학습에서의 교사가 갖추어야 할 소양이 논의되었다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explore research trends on AI-based mathematics teaching and learning. For this purpose, a systematic literature review was conducted on 57 literatures in terms of research subject, research method, research purpose, learning content, type of AI, role of AI, and role of teachers. The results indicate that student accounted for the largest proportion at 51% among the research subjects, and quantitative research was the highest at 49% among the research methods. The purpose of study was distributed as follows: effect analysis 44%, theoretical discussion 35%, case study 21%. ‘Numbers and Operations’ and ‘Variables and Expressions’ covered learning contents most, and Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) was used the most among the types of AI. ‘Student teaching’ was the largest parts of role of AI at 40.4%, followed by ‘teacher support’ at 22.8%, ‘student support’ at 21%, and ‘system support’ at 15.8%. The role of teachers as ‘AI recipients’ was highlighted in earlier studies, and the role of teachers as ‘constructive partner with AI’ was highlighted in more recent studies. Also, role of teachers was explored in pedagogical, AI-technological, content aspects. Through this, follow-up research was suggested and the roles that teachers should have in AI-based mathematics teaching and learning were discussed.

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