배송 차량 이동시간을 고려한 도심형 물류센터 최적 입지 선정
An Optimal Urban Microfulfillment Center Location Model Utilizing Mobility Bigdata for Delivery Vehicles
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초록
이커머스 시장의 성장은 당일배송과 새벽배송 등의 신형 배송 서비스 수요 증가로 연결되었다. 기존 중앙집중형 물류체계인 Hub & Spoke 방식은 속도를 요구하는 현재 배송 수요에 한계가 있다. 이에, 유통업체와 기업들은 라스트마일 배송 효율화를 위한 노력을 확대하고 있으며, 도심형 물류센터의 수요도 함께 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 한국교통연구원의 차량 내비게이션 데이터를 활용하여 모든 수요지까지 이동시간의 총합을 최소로 하는 MFC의 최적 위치 선정을 목표로 한다. 이를 위해 선형 계획 모형을 수립하여 입지 선정 문제를 해결하였으며, 해당 연구는 상품 카테고리에 따른 수요, 인구 분포 등을 통해 전반적인 MFC의 재고 분포와 센터 간 연계의 타당성을 분석하는데 확장될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
Growth in the E-Commerce market has led to a surge in-demand for novel delivery services such as same-day and dawn deliveries. The foundational Hub and Spoke logistics system, which requires goods to pass through a central hub, face limitations in meeting the current demand for rapid delivery to end consumers. Amidst this backdrop, distributors and corporations with their own delivery systems are striving to minimize the distance and time of the last-mile delivery, leading to an increasing need for urban Microfulfillment Centers. In this study, we aim to determine optimal locations for these centers using vehicle navigation data, specifically real-time driving speeds on roads, provided by the Korea Transport Institute. This decision-making challenge was defined as a simple linear programming problem, considering available site candidates and the actual travel time to anticipated demand sites. Future research in this domain can potentially expand to consider factors like product category-based demand, population distribution in demand areas, and clustering of anticipated demand sites to analyze inventory distribution across MFCs and the feasibility of inter-center connections.
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