유교, 비판과 계승과 변용의 삼중주 - 유교부흥의 문제를 중심으로 -

Abstract

Today, on one hand, the world expects that the convenience of human beings will be enhanced thanks to the development of science and technology in the era of the fourth industrial revolution, and on the other hand, concern about human dignity that is weakened due to the prevalence of instrumental human view is increasing. In this situation, discussion on Confucianism, which played a key role in East Asian traditional society including Korea and China, is active. This paper analyzed Confucianism in terms of criticism, succession, and transformation, avoiding the two extreme viewpoints to blind criticise or uncritically advocate Confucianism, because Confucianism has something that must be criticized, some other things that must be succeeded to, and still some other things that must be transformed. In particular, this paper analyzes the truth and illusion of Confucianism based on the consciousness of the times of today while organically combining the consciousness of the times of the evaluation target and the consciousness of the times of the evaluator. That is, this paper analyzes the contents of Confucianism related to equality, diversity and creativity based on the moral human view, which is regarded as the spirit of the 21st century, as follows in terms of criticism, succession and transformation. First, Confucianism can be criticized in the fields of discriminatory consciousness for women, authoritarian three bonds idea, exclusive nationalism, and the lack of creativity. Second, humane life can be realized by inheriting the moral human view and open cultural consciousness. Third, the 21st century Confucian thought that can overcome the problems of capitalism and socialism should be established through the maturity of democratic consciousness through the supplementation of the people-oriented idea, the establishment of the limited universal consciousness formed through the special, the realization of a healthy society of community through the harmony between the equality and difference in the multi-cultural age, and the dialectical relationship between the interests and righteousness.