발달장애인의 가구형태에 따른 건강행태 특성 및 영향요인
Health Behavior Characteristics and Influencing Factors of People with Developmental Disabilities according to Household Types
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초록
이 연구는 발달장애인의 가구형태에 따른 건강행태의 특성과 차이를 살펴보고, 각 가구 유형별 건강행태에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하고자 한 것이다. 연구 결과, 1인 가구는 만성질환, 흡연, 음주, 우울 및 스트레스가 모두 높게 나타났으며, 비만은 부모 동거 가구에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 부모 동거 가구는 일상생활수행능력, 언어적 의사표현 수준, 도전행동과 같은 장애 특성은 취약했지만 사회참여는 활발하였고, 배우자 동거 가구는 자립적 특성을 보였음에도 사회참여수준은 낮았다. 모든 가구 유형에서 도전행동은 건강행태에 부정적 영향을 미쳤으며, 특히 1인 가구에서 그 영향력이 가장 높았다. 이를 통해 가구형태에 따른 건강지원 전략 차별화 필요성 및 1인 가구 발달장애인 증가 추세에 따른 추가적 지원체계 마련 등에 대한 함의를 제안하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics and differences in health behavior according to household types of people with developmental disabilities, and to identify factors affecting health behavior for each household type. As a result of the study, chronic diseases, smoking, drinking, depression, and stress were all high in single-person households, and obesity was highest in households living with parents. Households living with parents had weak disability characteristics such as daily life performance ability, verbal expression level, and challenging behavior, but social participation was active, and households living with spouses showed independent characteristics, but social participation was low. In all household types, challenging behavior negatively affected health behavior, especially in single-person households. Through this, it was suggested that a strategy to differentiate health support strategies according to household type is necessary. In addition, as the number of people with developmental disabilities in single-person households increases, implications for preparing additional support systems according to household types were proposed.