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국내 암 환자의 디스트레스 관리를 위한 심리학적 개입: 체계적 문헌고찰 및 메타분석

Psychological Intervention for Distress Management of Patients with Cancer in Korea: Systematic reviews and Meta-analysis

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초록

본 연구에서는 국내 암 환자의 디스트레스 관리를 위한 심리학적 개입의 현황과 특성을 확인하고 효과크기를 분석하였다. 2000년 1월부터 2021년 12월까지 국내 학술지에 게재된 13,499편을 선정하였으며, 문헌의 포함 및 배제기준에 따라 총 3차에 걸쳐 선별하였다. 최종 선정 문헌 11편을 대상으로 문헌의 질을 평가하였으며, 메타분석을 실시하였다. 주요 변인인 암 환자의 우울, 삶의 질, 불안에 대한 개입의 효과크기가 제1저자 구분(전공 분야), 개입방법에 따른 차이가 있는 지 확인하기 위해 하위집단분석을 수행하였다. 연구 결과, 연구의 대상은 유방암 환자가 대부분이었으며, 2010년부터 2014년 사이 가장 활발히 진행되었다. 더불어 마음챙김 명상 프로그램이 가장 많았고, 주로 10회기 미만으로 구성되었다. 한편, 메타분석 결과, 심리학적 개입은 암 환자의 우울 감소에 유의미한 효과크기(Hedges’ g)를 나타냈으며(SMD: -.45; 95% CI: -.80, -.11), 통계적으로 유의하였다(I2 = 62%, p = .007). 본 연구 결과는 국내 암 환자의 디스트레스 관리를 위한 심리학적 개입이 우울 감소에 효과적임을 시사한다.

Abstract

This study systematically reviewed the general characteristics, intervention methods, and outcomes of psychological interventions for distress among domestic patients with cancer. From January 2000 to December 2021, 13,499 articles published in journals in South Korea were selected and subsequently sorted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria across a total of three rounds. Upon the quality evaluation of a final selection of 11 articles, a meta-analysis was conducted, and subgroup analysis was performed to confirm whether the effect size of intervention in patients with cancer, which are major variables, varies depending on the field of specialization of the first author and the intervention method. Most of the subjects were patients with breast cancer, and the study was most actively conducted from 2010 to 2014. Mindfulness meditation programs were the most common, and consisted mainly of fewer than 10 sessions. The study showed that psychological intervention showed a significant effect size(Hedges’ g) on reducing depression in patients with cancer(SMD: -.45; 95% CI: -.80, -.11), and was statistically significant(𝐼2 = 62%, p = .007). Results of this study suggest that psychological intervention for distress in domestic patients with cancer is effective in reducing depression.

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