중국 유학생이 인식한 심리상담에서 도움이 된 요인과 도움이 되지 않은 요인
Helpful and Unhelpful Factors in Psychological Counseling as Perceived by Chinese International Students
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초록
본 연구에서는 중국 유학생이 인식한 심리상담에서 도움이 된 요인과 도움이 되지 않은 요인을 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 개념도 방법을 활용하여 중국 유학생 10명을 대상으로 심층 면담을 진행하고, 진술문을 도출한 뒤 유사성 분류 후 중요도를 평정하였다. 그 결과, 도움이 된 요인과 도움이 되지 않은 요인은 모두 2차원으로 상담자의 문화적 역할과 역량이 공통적인 요인으로 나타났다. 아울러 도움이 된 요인 9개, 도움이 되지 않은 요인 6개의 군집을 통해 강점과 자원을 바탕으로 한 내담자 지지와 자기 이해 조력을 상담자의 지시적 접근과 문제해결 역량만큼이나 중요하게 인식한다는 점과 민족적, 언어적으로 일치하는 상담자보다 전문적인 상담자를 선호하는 재한 중국 유학생의 독특한 인식을 확인하였다. 도움이 된 요인과 도움이 되지 않은 요인의 중요도를 비교한 결과, 전문적 역량을 중요하게 인식한 상담자 집단과는 달리 내담자 집단은 유학 생활의 실질적 정보를 얻지 못한 점을 가장 중요하게 인식하여 상담자 집단과 내담자 집단 간 인식의 차이를 나타냈다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 상담자 교육에서 다문화 인식의 교육과 문화적으로 적절한 상담 개입전략과 같은 실천적 시사점을 논하였다.
Abstract
This study explored helpful and unhelpful factors in psychological counseling as perceived by Chinese international students. To this end, in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 Chinese international students. Participants’ statements were extracted and similarities were classified using Concept Mapping. The factors were organized into two dimensions, with a counselor’s cultural competence identified as a common element influencing both helpful and unhelpful perceptions. The analysis revealed that helpful factors were grouped into nine clusters, while unhelpful factors fell into six. It was found that client support and assistance in self-understanding, leveraging the client’s strengths and resources, were as highly valued as the counselor’s directive approach. Upon comparing the perceived importance of each factor between counselors and clients, clients highlighted the scarcity of practical information as the most significant concern. Based on the findings, in-depth discussions of practical implications, including the need for culturally appropriate counseling intervention strategies were made.
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