한국 근대지식인의 ‘근대성’인식Ⅱ

Abstract

The modern age is the point to start the genuine world history. European modern civilizations are organized as the theory of social evolution, also a Caucasian superiority and racism. And these European modern civilizations have the position of the world universalism. It is the problem how Korean modern intelligentsia accepted and recognized these Western modern civilizations. Then the problems that modern Korea confronted with are classified as three problems. First the most important was the problem how to accept these world universal civilizations. Second it is to reconstruct the logic to criticize a Caucasian superiority and racism. And finally it is to make theses of modern national entities. To cope with Western civilizations as the national subject, it is needed to keep critical attitude to point out the problems of the Western savagery. Park Eun-Sik(朴殷植) and Sin Chae-Ho(申采浩) recognized that it was important to keep national identity rather than to accept Western culture. And also they criticized the problems such as white supremacist, racial superiority of Japan, and imperialism. Park Eun-Sik supposed Korean modern entity with real-self(眞我) realized by real ideal entity(良知) and Sin Chae-Ho supposed that entity with modernized people which was modern entity of Joseon(朝鮮). Park Eun-Sik could criticized Western savagery by emphasizing national entity and moral judgement of that era. He concluded that if not based on real ideal entity, there were no true meaning of the modernization or the acceptance of the modern science and even an independence movement. And Sin Chae-Ho discerned the frontier of modernity with the instruments with self(entity:我) and non-self(others:非我). He recognized the modern civilization with the stand-point of national identity. Sin Chae-Ho asserted the meaning of the masses as the new entity original Joseon. He argued even the masses had to jointly struggle to survive of the straw nation in Oreintal colonies not to confined in Joseon.