关于韩国近代主体的研究 ——以自强运动时期的申采浩和朴殷植为中心

Abstract

The Modern Age is called as the era of Eastern Penetration of the West(西势东渐). This terminology reveals clearly the shocks of the Modern Western Culture. When we faced strong others(他者), that is, Western Cultures, we had to asked serious question of "Who am I" to oneself. And when the fact to meet others, that is, Western, accompanied the invasion of the imperialism it is natural the Eastern to have the instinct self-defense. Shin Chae-ho(申采浩) and Park Eun-sik(朴殷植) which experienced heterogenious others, Modern Western tried to make essential Korean Modern subject through acceptance of the Modern Western and also critique and accession of the Confucianism. It is natural to call the Modern Western Culture as rationality, so Modern Western rationality have characteristics which means the liberalization of the mythological view of the world and traditional restriction. In the Middle Ages which human rationality was granted the status of Divinity, the core of the Modernity was the subjectivity. But Korean Modernity which confronted the invasion of imperialism tried to accept advantages of the Western Modernity and also tried to solve the problems of the Eastern modernity which different from Western Modernity. Shin Chae-ho and Park Eun-sikpresented the identity of New Nationality(新国民) as the national correspondent subject rather than rational identity. The New Nationality which they represented required the moral awakening and practice and also attached importance of collective body. And also Natural Moral Knowledge(良知) of Park Eun sik and Natural Subjectivity of Joseon(朝鲜) were closely related with Confucianism. But they tried to change this Confucianism to contribute to constitute New Nationality. They thought the subjectivity of the Joseon will be concreted by succession of Confucianism. So the fact that they tried to critique and succeed the Confucianism means the process of self-realization and self-maturity.