일본 내셔널리즘의 근원과 근대시기의 국가주의적 변용— 記紀와 武士道를 중심으로 —

Abstract

The origin of Japanese nationalism traces back to 2 documents, Kojiki (Record of Ancient Matters) and Nihon shoki (Chronicles of Japan), which covered Japanese mythology and history. The documents emphasized Tennō''s influence over not only Japan but marginal states, especially in the Korean Peninsula, based on mythology that Tennō' is descendant of the highest God. And this way of thinking continued over the Middle Ages bearing about the thought which insist "Japan is the country under God's protection" and this thought developed to "So Japan is superior to other countries." And the thoughts continued to Kokugaku and Atsutane Shinto in Edo period. This flow of thought transformed into thoughts of Kokutai (national body of Japan) which caused tremendous sacrifice to protect that and suppressed the development of democracy. Bushidō magnified as a spirit of Japanese which led Japanese to successful modernization since Sino-Japanese War and Russo-Japanese War. And during the period of militarism, Bushidō was adapted for morality of Tennō''s military and esthetics of militarism and indoctrinated in Japanese. Japanese nationalism in modern era which containing militarism and imperialism victimized numberless Asia-Pacific victims and finally brought about the collapse of modern Japan. We need to reappraise the success of Japanese modernization in the point of view of values of democracy and the right of people.