근재 박윤원의 미발설 고찰 Ⲻ 미발(未發) 경험에 대한 인식을 중심으로 Ⲻ

Abstract

This study begins with a critical mind that the existing studies of the Neo-Confucianist theory of Giho School in the late-Joseon Dynasty hardly dealt with the late-18th century. The scholars of Giho School in the late-18th century are mediators between the scholars who led the so-called Horak Dispute previously and the scholars of the 19th century and they are in an important status in that their disciples had great influences on the political world of the 19th century as well. Thus, this study dealt with Geunjae Yoon-won Park as one of the tasks to shed light on this period and analyzed his theory of unaroused mind, one of the important philosophical topics of the time. Geunjae concentrated upon discussing if ordinary people could experience a state of unaroused mind. This is the topic the scholars of Giho School in the late Joseon Dynasty period had continuously been concerned about, and Zhu xi’s different explanations on this issue became the cause for the deepening of the discussion. Geunjae suggests that ordinary people cannot experience an unaroused mind. Unaroused mind refers to the stage in which one can reach through the study of mind cultivation in the state of “No see and No hear” without external stimulation or thinking. On the other hand, ordinary people have a hazy cast of mind and always stay in the state of motion in which they are thinking, so they cannot reach the unaroused mind and cannot even experience the state of “No see and No hear.” Thus, Geunjae’s thought is that it is necessary to study in the state of motion in order to reach the state of rest, “No see and No hear.” This is why Geunjae emphasized the study of Gyeong and proposed “To be careful-cautious and fearful-anxious” as a concrete method of studying. “To be careful-cautious and fearful-anxious” is usually understood as a study while in the unaroused mind, and Geunjae said that “To be careful-cautious and fearful-anxious” can be applied to both motion and rest and thought that it is a study to reach the unaroused mind and a study that allows the maintenance of the state of the unaroused mind. Like this, Geunjae denied the ordinary people’s experience of an unaroused mind not to put saints and ordinary people in an unequal relationship. This is to emphasize the necessity of ordinary people’s mind cultivation and introspection, that is, the study of Gyeong, and he attached importance to the unaroused mind as a result of a study and the goal to reach. Through this, it is judged that he induced ordinary people so that they could realize the necessity of a change in the cast of mind and make an effort for this.