갑오개혁기 공문식과 공문서의 변화

Abstract

This study analyzed the provisions of Gongmunsik(公文式, official forms), the Act regulating major official documents of the Gabo Reform period. Official documents, as the artery of state's organization, have close relationship with political & social system of the period. Around the Gabo(甲午) Reform of 1984, Joseon(朝鮮) government had progressed the reform of state system to overcome the state crisis. As one of such efforts, the official documents system inherited from Gyeonggukdaejeon(經國大典), the prime constitution of successive king's generations, came to be fully replaced by the enactment and promulgation of Gongmunsik, which was absolutely affected by Japan. In the Gabo Reform period, Gongmunsik was enacted at Jul. 1894, revised at Nov. 1894, and actually had regulated major official documents after the Gabo Reform. Gongmunsik regulated the enactments procedure and promulgation method of laws, royal mandate, subordinate order, letters for use and the use of the Royal Seal, etc. Therefore, Gongmunsik contains the basic principal to make out major official documents of state such as laws, Royal letters, diplomatic documents and appointment letters of officials. At first, this study examined the enactment and revision process of Gongmunsik then, comparatively analyzed its provisions with related real documents in divided respect of laws, royal mandate, subordinate order, letters for use and the use of the Royal Seal. As a result, this study revealed the basic principal on laws, Royal letters, diplomatic documents and Royal signature in appointment letters, the use of the Royal Seal and secretaries' signing method, and also suggested that the terms used in Gongmunsik needs to be distinguished. In conclusion, Gongmunsik is an important statue that clearly shows the abruptly changing aspects of official documents of the Gabo Reform period.