한성부 家契와 공인중개인 家儈에 관한 고찰

Abstract

This paper includes the studies on Hanseongbu(漢城府)-issued Gagye(家契), certified bill of house sale), newly appeared after 1893 and Gaque(家儈), the licensed real asset agent. From around Gabo(甲午) Reform, significant changes had been given to the forms and filling elements of documents. Official documents also became to undergo such changes in their formats. It was a kind of state policy and a measure to address the problem of former authentication documents. Since opening of domestic ports, Western Powers, China and Japan vied with each other for political and economic interest in Hanseong(漢城), the heart of Joseon(朝鮮). Accordingly, house purchase by foreigners and the influx of local population had aggravated the problem related to the ownership of houses in Hanseong(漢城). For this, Joseon(朝鮮) government implemented Gagye(家契) system in Hanseong(漢城), based on former system. Gagye(家契) was issued in Hanseong(漢城) at first then expanded to open ports. Hanseongbu(漢城府)-issued Gagye(家契) had been revised four times from 1893 to 1908. Gagye(家契) has a significance in that it was a official authentication for house ownership that followed the traditional certification system of Joseon(朝鮮). The appearance of Gaque(家儈), the licensed real asset agent, also has a significant meaning. While there must have been land/house brokerage businesses from far before, around Gabo(甲午) Reform, government and offices had totally changed their attitudes to the agents. This is an important element in the changing aspect of typical transaction practice. Office's recognition of agent can clearly show the phenomenon in which lands and houses were commercialized. Moreover, Hanseongbu(漢城府) tried to stabilize the transaction & ownership of real asset through Gaque(家儈) system, and utilized it as a terminal administrative organization. This paper examined the aspects and characteristics of the four times's format changes in Hanseongbu(漢城府)-issued Gagye(家契) and looked into the role and meaning of Gaque(家儈), the licensed real asset agent.