朝鮮時代 王世子 代理聽政期 文書 硏究

Abstract

This writing is the study on the document written in the period of Agency Ruling, Joseon Dynasty era. In case of the king of Joseon could not govern a nation directly because of his age or serious illness, crown prince, the eldest son of the crown prince, the younger brother of the king, etc. performed political activities and rites by king's orders. These performance is called as 'Agency Ruling'. The Agency Ruling was good opportunity that the persons directly concerned experienced actual tasks because crown prince learned the administration of country's affairs in advance before rising to the throne. In the period of Agency Ruling, all the affairs of Agency Ruling were done with the regulations of Agency Ruling. Especially, the decision rights of king and crown prince were divided but Seungjeongwon(承政院) were in charge of transmitting king's all orders as it was. In the period of Agency Ruling, the words used to King and crown prince were differently used. This situation was reflected to the name of document, conventional forms of sentences, writing process or method of document, etc. in the period of Agency Ruling. The name for the documents were used differently such as King's orders(徽旨) for transmission of king's opinion(傳旨), crown prince's certificate(令書) for king's document(敎書), governor's report(狀達) for retainer's report(狀啓), several retainers' report during crown prince's political activities(申本) for documents for king(啓本), crown prince's document(申目) for central government offices' document for king(啓目), report transmitted to king for works of transmitting document to king(下答), king's response to officials for king's response for yes or no(批答), etc. Also, conventional sentences, contents about decision, etc. written in particular document were used separately. Because the number of conduct was a few and the periods were not long for Agent Ruling, there are not many documents at the present. The Agent Ruling's documents existed are 11 crown king's orders(令旨), 5 crown king's orders during political activities(令書), 11 king's responses(下答), 1 crown prince's permission(徽旨), 1 official's report(狀達) and 2 writings for king(上書). In other words, King Kyungjong(10), Crown Prince Sado(17), Lord King Jeongjo(2) and King Ikjong(2) issued in the period of Agency Ruling could be divided to documents issued by crown prince and documents received by crown prince. Also, for the seals used in documents, 'seal of crown prince' or 'seal of crown prince's eldest son' producted during the installation of crown prince was used. Like these, I think that this paper is somewhat resultful because the currently existed actual things such as documents written or issued in the period of Agency Ruling were collected and we examined the meanings and characteristics about each document simply and synthetically. With this, I also think this will be much helpful to understand about classifying system of historic documents in the future.