조선후기 면주전의 인센티브 체계 - 포상 및 처벌의 규정과 실제 -

Abstract

In order to investigate the reality of the incentive system for members of sijŏn, a representative merchant guild in late Chosŏn Korea, myŏnjujŏn documents stored in the Kawai Collection were intensively used to examine both aspects of reward and punishment. Myŏnjujŏn issued sangch’op for the reward, and the documentary material for this was kakhangsang’an. The payment of the reward was in the form of silver ingot, but it was not actually paid, and was managed only on the account books. When there was a situation where the payment of yejŏn was required, the amount was deducted from the ledger, and the details were recorded in the kakhangyebongch’aek. The rewards of myŏnjujŏn show a general tendency to decrease as time went on. This seemed to be related to the abolition of tribute system in accordance with the Kabo Reform, and the subsequent payment of silver ingot was limited to the compensation for ordinary rotation of duty rather than rewards. Although it is difficult to find direct documents on the punishment of myŏnjujŏn, the reasons for the punishment and the action results can be discovered for some period through the taejŏng-ch’emun. In order to understand the details of the punishment enforcement in the long term, we can look at the revenue ledger written by taebang of myŏnjujŏn, and a representative example is poyongsoch’ahach’aek. The punishment of myŏnjujŏn was implemented in various types, but it seems to have been fairly generous, such as excluding double punishment and making amnesty a common practice. In addition, regardless of the name of punishment, fines were mainly imposed. Compared to other merchant communities, there were some commonalities, but also various differences. In particular, the case of myŏnjujŏn is meaningful in that it goes beyond regulations and informs the actual situation in detail.